Konik Kalorimetre ile Barit İlaveli Rijit Poliüretan Köpük Malzemelerin Yanma Davranışlarının İncelenmesi

Birçok üstün özelliklerinden dolayı farklı endüstriyel alanlarda yaygın olarak kullanılan rijit poliüretan köpük malzemelerin en önemli zayıf özellikleri kolay tutuşma ve yanmalarıdır. Bu yüzden, rijit poliüretan köpük malzemelerin yanma direncinin arttırılması amacı ile farklı alev geciktiriciler ve dolgu maddeleri ilave edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, rijit poliüretan köpük malzemelerin yanma direncini artırmak amacı ile çok yüksek oranda (% 98.3) baryum sülfat içeren barit, kütlesel bazda % 5, 10 ve 15 oranlarında dolgu maddesi olarak ilave edilmiştir. Konik kalorimetre yanma testleri ile barit ilaveli poliüretan köpük malzemelerin zamana bağlı ısı yayılım hızları ve toplam ısı yayılım miktarları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, yanma sırasında oluşan zararlı emisyonlar olan is ve karbon monoksit oluşumları da incelenmiştir. % 5 barit ilavesi ile köpük malzemelerin yanma direncinde olumlu bir değişiklik olmamakla birlikte, % 10 ve % 15 oranlarında barit ilavesi ile köpük malzemelerin ısı yayılım hızlarında, toplam ısı yayılım miktarlarında, is ve karbon monoksit emisyonlarında azalmalar belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; % 10 ve 15 oranlarında barit ilavesinin rijit poliüretan köpük malzemelerin yanma dirençlerini belirli seviyede arttırdığı, bu çerçevede de yanma direnci dikkate alındığında baritin rijit poliüretan köpük malzemeler için dolgu maddesi olarak kullanılabileceği değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Rijit poliüretan, yanma, barit, konik kalorimetre

Investigation of Combustion Behaviors of Rigid Polyurethane Foams Filled with Barite by Using Cone Calorimeter Tests

Rigid polyurethane foams are widely used in different industrial applications due to their many superior properties. But these materials can easily ignite and burn. Therefore, different flame retardants and fillers are added into the rigid polyurethane foams to enhance the burning resistance. In this study, barite which contains very high amount (98.3 %) of barium sulfate was added up to 15 % in mass to increase the burning resistance of rigid polyurethane foams. The heat release rate and the total heat releases of the rigid polyurethane foams were obtained from cone calorimeter tests. The smoke and carbon monoxide emissions produced during the combustion were also examined. The addition of 5 % barite into the rigid polyurethane foam resulted in no positive effect on combustion behaviors of the foam, but additions of 10 and 15 % barite caused decreasing of heat release rate, total heat release and production of smoke and carbon monoxide. Consequently, 10 and 15 % barite additions increase the burning resistance of the rigid polyurethane foam at certain levels and at this perspective, barite can be used in rigid polyurethane foams as a filler in consideration of fire resistance.

Keywords:

Rigid polyurethane, combustion, barite, cone calorimeter,

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