İsmail Hamdi KARA, Karanfil SITMAPINAR, Özgür ERDEM, Metin KAPLAN, Mustafa ALDEMIR

Diyarbakir Ilinde Meydana Gelen Trafik Kazalarinin Incelenmesi

Amaç : Bu çalismada, kaza sonucu yaralanan ve/ya ölen olgularin yas, cins ve kaza ile iliskili özellikleri ve kazaya neden olan faktörlerin degerlendirilmesi amaçlandi. Gereç ve yöntem: Bu retrospektif kesitsel çalismada, Ocak 2006-Temmuz 2006 tarihleri arasinda, Diyarbakir Il sinirlarinda meydana gelen ve Il Emniyet Müdürlügü Trafik Subesinde kayitlari bulunan 1659 maddi hasarli trafik kazasi degerlendirildi. Olgular kaza tipine, sürücü kusurlarina, hava ve yol durumuna, kazaya karisan araç cinsine, sürücü, kazalarin olustugu zaman ve güne göre ve aylara göre olusan maddi kayiplara göre siniflandirildi. Bulgular: 1659 kazada, toplam 2974 sürücü ve 3152 araç kazaya karismistir. Aylara göre en fazla kaza Ocak, Mayis ve Haziran aylarinda [sirasiyla, n=276 (%16,64), 255 (%15,37) ve 260 (%15,67) kaza olayi] olmustur. Kazalarin çogunda iki araç kazaya karismistir. Kazalarin çogu gündüz (1186 olay, %71,48), açik havada (1226 olay %73,89), asfalt (1595 olay, %96,14) ve kuru zeminde (1250 olay, %75,34) meydana gelmistir. Trafik kazasi nedenlerinde ilk üç sirayi; arkadan çarpma (465 olay, %28,02), yanlis manevra yapmak (318 olay, %19,16), kavsak geçis önceligi ihlalidir (276 olay, %16,63). Sürücüler degerlendirildiginde, çogunun erkek (2868 olgu, %96,43) ve ilkögretim mezunu (1137 olgu, %38,23) oldugu, sürücülerin en sik 26-30 (688 olgu, %23,13) ve 3135 (689 olgu, %23,16) yas grubunda oldugu görülmektedir. Kazalar sonucunda toplam yarali 401 kisi [110 (%27,43) kadin, 291 (%72,56) erkek] olup, 5 olgu da (1 kadin, 4 erkek) eksitus olmustur. Sonuç: Trafik kazalarinin önlenmesi ve kontrolü için özellikle en önemli risk grubu olarak ortaya çikan sürücülere yönelik egitim faaliyetleri verilmesi, araç, yol ve trafik akisinin daha güvenli hale getirilmesi gereklidir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Trafik kazalari, sürücü, egitim

Investigation of Occurrence of the Traffic Accident in Diyarbakir Province

Objective: In this study, people who passed away or injured as a result of the accident, age, gender and accidentrelated specialties of these people and the factors caused by the accident have been aimed to be evaluated. Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, 1659 accidents with physical damage occured in Diyarbakir province borders between January 2006 – July 2006 and recorded in traffic department of the Police Office were evaluated. Events have been classified according to the accident type, driver faults, weather and road conditions, the type of the car involved in the accident, physical loss in respect of time and day, months the accidents happened and driver. Results: Totally 2974 drivers and 3152 vehicles have been involved in 1659 accidents. Considering the months, most of the accidents happened in January, May and June [in order, n=276 (16, 64%), 255 (15,37%) ve 260 (15,67%) events]. The most of the accidents have involved two vehicles and have happened in daytime (1186 events , 71, 48%), open air (1226 events, 73, 89% ), on asphalt (1959 events, 96, 14% ) and on dry ground (1250 events, 75, 34%). The first three reasons of the traffic accidents are; rear-end collisions (465 events, 28,02% ), doing wrong manoeuvre (318 events, 19,16% ) and disobeying of crossroad passing priority (276 events, 16,63% ). When drivers are evaluated, it has been seen that most of them were male (2868 persons, 96, 43% ), elementary school graduated (1105 persons, 55, 97%), between 26-30 (688 events, 23,13% ) and 31-35 (689 events, 23,16% ) age groups. Because of the accidents, 401 persons [110 (27, 43%) women, 291 (72, 56%) men] have been injured and 5 persons (1 woman, 5 men) have been died. Conclusion: to prevent and control the traffic accidents, educational activities should be arranged for drivers especially for risk group and also it is necessary to ma ke the vehicle, road and traffic run safer

Keywords:

Traffic accidents, driver, education,

PDF

___

Bilgel N, Ugur I. Kazalar ve önemi. Editörler: Dirican R, Bilgel N. Halk Sagligi (Toplum Hekimligi) II. Baski, Uludag Üniversitesi Basimevi, Bursa. p. 481-402, 1993.
Doege TC. An injury is no accident. N Engl J Med. 298: 509–510, 1978.
Davis RM. Accidents are not unpredictable BMJ. 322:1320–1321, 2001.
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Revised framework of external cause of injury (E code) groupings for presenting injury mortality and morbidity data. Available on the Internet at www.cdc.gov/ncipc/whatsnew/matrix1.htm Accessed December 11, 2006.
CDC. Working to prevent and control injury in the United States: fact book for the year 2000.
Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, 2000.
Rosenberg HM, Ventura SJ, Maurer JD, Heuser RL, Freedman MA. Births and deaths: United States, 1995. Mon Vital Stat Rep. 45:1– , 1996.
Fingerhut LA, Warner M. Injury chartbook. Health, United States, 1996–97. Hyattsville
MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, 1997.
Emniyet Genel Müdürlügü. Trafik istatistikleri, Trafik Egitim ve Arastirma Dairesi Baskanligi. Available on the Internet at www.egm.gov.tr Accessed December 11, 2006.
Tengilimoglu D, Kaynak Ö. Ev Kazalari. Yeni Tip Dergisi. 10: 51-57, 1993.
Health 21- Health for All in the 21st Century. The Health for All Policy Framework for the WHO European Region. European Health for All Series, No 6. 1999.
Aktas EÖ, Koçak A, Zeyfeoglu Y. Ege Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Adli Tip Anabilim Dalina trafik kazasi nedeni ile basvuran adli olgularin degerlendirilmesi. Available on the Internet at http://www.trafik.gov.tr/icerik/bildiriler/A5- doc Accessed December 11, 2006.
Çinarbas S, Özkan HK. Devlet politikalarinin yol ve trafik güvenligine etkileri. Trafik ve Yol Güvenligi Kongresi, 25- Nisan 2001 Ankara. 93-103, 2001.
Tirasçi Y, Gören S. Trafik Kazalarina Bagli Ölümler. IV Adli Bilimler Kongresi, 10-13 Mayis 2000, Istanbul, 2000.
Çolak B, Inanici MA, Aksoy E. Trafik Kazalarina Bagli Ölümlerin Analizi 7. Ulusal Adli Tip Günleri, 1-5 Kasim 1993, Antalya
Azmak D, Çetin G, Kolusayin Ö, Soysal Z. Istanbul'da Alkol Aliminin Eslik Ettigi Ölümler. Adli Tip Dergisi. 10:57-67, 1994.
Asicioglu F, Kiymetli ÜÖ, Sag A. Alkol Alimina Bagli Adli Olgular. I. Adli Bilimler Kongresi, 12-15 Nisan 1994, Adana. 1994.
Deaths and crude death rates for external causes of injury: USA, 1999. Available on the Internet at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/ice/mtxcrude99. pdf. Accessed December 11, 2006.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Traffic safety facts 1998: a compilation of motor vehicle crash data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and the General Estimates System. Washington, DC
US Department of Transportation, National Center for Statistics and Analysis, Publication no. DOT HS 808-983, 1999.
Stussman BJ. National hospital ambulatory medical care survey: 1993 emergency department summary. Adv Data 1996;271:1–16.
Available on the Internet at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/ad/ad271.pdf. Accessed December 11, 2006.
Blincoe LJ. The economic cost of motor vehicle crashes, 1994. Washington, DC
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Publication no. DOT HS 808 , 1996.
National Safety Council. Accident facts, Itasca, IL: National Safety Council, 1998.
Aksoy E, Birgen N, Baskan T, Inanici MA. “Trafik Kazalarina Bagli Ölüm Otopsilerinin Incelenmesi”, III, Adli Bilimler Kongresi,14-17 Nisan 1998, Kusadasi. 1998.
Aktas EÖ, Koçak A, Zeyfeoglu Y, Solak I, Aksu H. Trafik kazasi nedeniyle Ege Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Acil Servise basvuran olgularin özellikleri. Available on the Internet at http://www.trafik.gov.tr/icerik/bildiriler/A5-13.doc Accessed December, 11, 2006.
Gür G. Trafik Kazalarina Karisan Sürücülerin Egitim Seviyeleri ve Yaslarina Göre Irdelenmesi, Trafik 2000 Sempozyumu, 22-23 Mayis 2000, Samsun, S:162-167, 2000.
Akkay E, Elmas I. Trafik Kazalarinin Adli Tip Açisindan Degerlendirilmesi. Sendrom Dergisi. 4(5):61-63, 1992. Emsen IM, Kiliç A. 01.01.2000-26.01.2001 tarihleri arasindaki Plastik ve Rekonstriktif
Cerrahi Anabilim Dalina ait Olan Trafik Kazasi Vaka Istatistikleri ve Maliyetleri, Trafik ve Yol Güvenligi Kongresi, 25-27 Nisan 2001 Ankara. 480, 2001.