Diyabette kök hücreler

Diyabet mellitus (DM), insülin bağımlı tip I ve insülin bağımsız tip II diyabeti olmak üzere iki tiptir. Tip II diyabette pankreas beta hücrelerinden insülinin salınımı yetmezliği gözlenirken, tip I diyabette pankreatik beta hücrelerinin immun yetmezlik sonucu yıkımı söz konusudur. Her iki tip diyabette de sonuçta Langerhans adasının beta hücreleri hasar gördüğü için insülin yetmezliği ya da yokluğu gözlenir. Beta hücrelerinin farklı kaynaklardan yeniden elde edilmesi ya da olgun hücrelerin replikasyonları ile yeni hücrelerin oluşturulması düşüncesiyle diyabetik kök hücre çalışmaları hız kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmaların yapılabilmesi için beta hücrelerinin embriyonik gelişimden itibaren moleküler özelliklerinin ve bu hücrelerin yıkımına ait mekanizmaların iyi bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Bu mekanizmaların iyi anlaşılması durumunda diyabet tedavisinde yeni yollar açılacağı ve diyabet hastaları için yeni umutların doğacağına inanılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Diabetes mellitus, Langerhans adacıkları, Kök hücreler, İnsülin salgılayan hücreler

Stem cells in diabetes

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is divided into two groups as insulin dependent type I and insulin independent type II. In type II DM there is an unsufficiency of insulin releasing while in type I a destroyment of beta cells as a result of immune insufficiency. Hence, the defect of beta cells in langerhans islets causes insulin insufficiency or absency in both type of DM. The diabetic stem cell studies are increasing rapidly due to regain of beta cells from different sources or replication of mature cells. To be able to perform these studies, it is necessary to the moleculer properties of beta cells from embryological development stage and the destroyment mechanism of beta cells. The further knowledge about these mechanism will provide new approaches for treatment of DM and will be a new hope for patients with DM.

Keywords:

Diabetes Mellitus, Islets of Langerhans, Stem Cells, Insulin-Secreting Cells,

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