Çin’in Uluslararası Kalkınma Yardımları Alanındaki Konumu ve Eşsizliği
Bu çalışma uluslararası sistemdeki hemen hemen tüm aktörlerin dikkate aldığı kalkınma yardımı sistemine odaklanmaktadır. Kalkınma yardımı aracı olmaktan kalkınma işbirliğinin bir parçası olmaya giden dönüşüm süreci, birtakım dönüm noktaları ile birlikte daha önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu sebeple öncelikle Çin tarihindeki önemli değişiklikler ile Çin kalkınma yardımlarının tarihi ve dönüşümü açıklanmıştır. Süreci açıklarken Pekin Konsensusu, Çin’in dahil olduğu bazı bildiriler ve anlaşmalar göz önüne alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda Çin yardımlarının özellikleri ve eşsizliği ayrıntılı şekilde incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın başlığında da belirtildiği üzere Çin bu alanda birtakım farklı özellikler sergilemektedir. Bu özellikler bir yandan avantajlar sağlarken bir yandan da uluslararası arenada Çin için zorluklar oluşturabilmektedir. Çalışmanın son bölümünde Çin’in alıcı ülke olmaktan aktif bir donor ülke olmaya giden süreçte karşılaştığı zorluklar ve bunlara eleştiriler analiz edilmiştir. Bu analizi yaparken raporlar ve resmi otoriteler tarafından açıklanan politikalar kullanılmıştır. Çin’in sıradan olmayan yardım yapısıda çalışmanın sonunda belirtilmiştir. Yardım politikalarının uygulamaları, Çin’in çizdiği yolu göstermektedir. Çalışmayı daha iyi anlamak adına çalışmanın değerlendirmesi de son bölümde yapılmıştır.
THE STANDING OF CHINA IN INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AID FIELD AND CHINA’S UNIQUENESS
This study focuses on a prevalent topic named development aid system that almost all the actors in international system consider. The transformation from being development aid tool to being a part of development cooperation became more important after some turning points in the countries’ history. For this reason, firstly the history and transformation of Chinese development aid are explained with the key changes in China’s history. The Beijing Consensus, some declarations and agreements are considered while explaining historical transformation. In this context, the features and the uniqueness of Chinese aid are explained in details. As indicated in the title of this study, China shows uniqueness in development aid field. While China get advantages of these features, these features may also create challenges in international arena for China. In the last part of the study, the challenges and critics that China faces are analyzed in the process that lasts from the beginning of being a recipient country to be an active donor country. The reports and international policies announced by official authorities and articles are used to analyze this process. The untypical form of Chinese aid is seen at the end of the study. The China’s implementations of the aid policies show the way China goes. To better understand and realize the study, the overall evaluation of the paper is situated in the last part of the study.
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