HASET VE KISKANÇLIĞIN TANIMLANMASI VE KLİNİK GÖRÜNÜMÜ

Haset ve kıskançlık, birbirinden önemli noktalarda ayrışan; fakat günlük hayatta sıkça birbiriyle karıştırılan karmaşık duygulardır. Haset, bir başkasının sahip olduğu ve bizde olmayan bir şey ya da özellik karşısında hissettiğimiz duygu iken; kıskançlık, bizim için önemli bir ilişkinin üçüncü bir kişinin varlığı sebebiyle tehdit altında olduğunu düşündüğümüzde ortaya çıkan duygudur. Dolayısıyla, hasette iki kişilik, kıskançlıkta ise üç kişilik bir yapı mevcuttur. Melanie Klein'a göre haset doğumdan sonra bebeğin meme ile kurduğu sevgi ve nefret ilişkisinde temellenir; kıskançlık ise gelişimsel olarak hasetten sonra gelir ve hasetin çözümlenmesinde rol oynar. Haset ve kıskançlık, temelde işlevsel duygular olsa da, kişinin ve ilişkilerin işlevselliğini bozarak patolojik boyuta ulaşabilirler. Bu makalede haset ve kıskançlık tanımlanmış, birbirleriyle benzer ve farklı yanları ortaya konulmuş ve hangi durumlarda işlevselliklerini yitirerek psikopatolojinin bir parçası oldukları incelenmiştir.

DEFINITION AND CLINICAL APPEARANCE OF ENVY AND JEALOUSY

Envy and jealousy are complex emotions which differ from each other in important aspects; yet, in daily life, they are often used interchangeably. Envy occurs when a person does not have what another has and either wants it or hopes that the other did not have it. On the other hand, jealousy appears when a person either fears losing or already has lost an important relationship to a rival. Accordingly, envy involves a two-person situation whereas jealousy involves a three-person relationship. Melanie Klein argued that envy traces back to the rst months of infancy and is inherent in the infant's love and hate relationship with the mother's breast. Jealousy appears later in the development and plays a role in the resolution of envy. Although envy and jealousy are emotions with functional benets, they have a potential to disrupt a person's functioning and relationships; and may indeed become pathological. The present paper denes envy and jealousy, explore their similarities and differences, and dwell on how they may become dysfunctional and be a part of psychopathology.

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