M Tahsin ŞAHİN, MUTLU YILMAZ, ÇİĞDEM VAROL ÖZDEN

TÜRKİYE'DE BİLGİ YOĞUN İŞ HİZMETLERİNİN (BYİH) BÖLGESEL UZMANLAŞMA ÖRÜNTÜSÜ

Bilgi Yoğun İş Hizmetleri (BYİH), ekonomik kalkınma ve yenilikçiliğinin önemli itici gücü olarak algılanmaktadır. BYİH genel olarak, ekonomik güç, bilgi üretimi ve bilgi transferi ile ilgili olarak bölgesel ve ulusal ölçekte kalkınmanın en önemli alanlarından biridir ve bu nedenle BYİH'nin coğra yoğunluğunun bölgeler açısından kritik bir faktör olması beklenmektedir. Bu makale, bilgi-yoğun iş hizmetleri faaliyetleri kavramını tanıtmayı ve bölgesel kalkınmada BYİH'nin rolünü, özellikle bölgesel uzmanlaşma açısından incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla detaylı sektör verilerinden yararlanılmıştır. BYİH faaliyetleri üretici hizmetlerin bir alt dalı olarak görülmekte ve 10 alt sektörde tanımlanmaktadır. Bu 10 alt sektör, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK)'ndan alınan 2009 ve 2015 yıllarına ait işyeri ve istihdam sayısı ile ciro verilerine göre analiz edilmektedir. Bu analizler Türkiye'deki 26 adet Düzey-2 bölgesi üzerinden yapılmıştır. Analiz için yerelleşme katsayısı (LQ) tekniği kullanılmaktadır. Sonuçlar, telekomünikasyon sektörü dışında tüm BYİH sektörlerinin büyük şehirlerde uzmanlaştığını göstermektedir. BYİH'nin bölgesel uzmanlaşma örüntüsünü ortaya koymak, bölgesel planlara ve politika yapıcılara yol göstermesi açısından önem taşımaktadır.

REGIONAL SPECIALIZATION PATTERN OF KNOWLEDGE INTENSIVE BUSINESS SERVICES (KIBS) IN TURKEY

Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS) are perceived as important drives of economic development and innovation. In general, KIBS are one of the most important activities of regional and national scale development in terms of economic power, knowledge production and knowledge transfer and therefore, geographical density of KIBS are expected to be a critical factor for regions. The paper seeks to introduce the concept of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) and to analyze the role of KIBS in regional development, especially from the viewpoint of regional specialization. For this purpose, detailed sector data have been used. Knowledge-intensive business services are subordinate to producer services and are dened in 10 sub-sectors. These 10 sub-sectors have been analyzed for 26 NUTS-2 regions of Turkey, based on the number of workplace and employment, and giro data of the years of 2009 and 2015 received from Turkey Statistics Institution. The location quotient (LQ) technique has been used in the analysis. The results show that all KIBS sectors, except the telecommunication sector, have been specialized in metropolitan cities. Explaining the regional specialization pattern of the KIBS is very important for offering guidance to regional plans and policy makers.

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