Zehirlenmelerde İntravenöz Lipit Emülsiyonu Tedavisi

İntravenöz lipit emülsiyon (ILE) tedavisi, dolaşımdaki zehirli maddelerin biyoyararlanım ve toksisitesini azaltmak için lipit emülsiyonlarının intravenöz infüzyon yoluyla kullanılmasını tanımlar. Lipit emülsiyonu yağ, emülsifier, tonisite değiştirici madde ve sudan oluşurken ve bileşiminde yaklaşık %80 su, %20 soya fasulyesi yağı, %2 gliserin ve %1 yumurta sarısı fosfolipidi bulunmaktadır. ILE’nin üretilme amacı öncelikli olarak yetişkinler, çocuklar ve yeni doğanlar için parenteral beslemedir. Bunun dışında ILE propofol ve amfoterisin B’de olduğu gibi ilaç taşıyıcısı olarak da kullanılmaktadır. ILE, lipofilik toksinleri absorbe etme yeteneklerine bağlı olarak veteriner hekimlikte ve insan hekimliğinde lokal anesteziklerin sistemik toksisitesinin tedavisinde de antidot olarak kullanılabilmektedir. Lipofilik ilaçlarla zehirlenmelerin tedavisinde belirgin klinik düzelme, uygulamasının nispeten kolay olması, düşük maliyet, söz konusu lipit emülsiyonlarının etiket dışı kullanımının artmasına neden olmuş ve zehirlenmelerin tedavisinde kullanılabilmesinin yolunu açmıştır. Bu makalede ILE’nin etki mekanizmaları, endikasyonları, mevcut ticari formülasyonları, dozaj rejimi önerisi ile yan etkileri hakkında bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İntravenöz lipid emülsiyonu, lipofilik ilaçlar, zehirlenme

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