Özlem ŞENGÖZ ŞİRİN, Yusuf ŞEN, Ali BUMİN, Zeki ALKAN, Başak ÖZGERMEN

Safkan Arap Taylarında Gelişimsel Ortopedik Hastalıkların ve Kemik Lezyonlarının Klinik ve Radyografik Tanısı

Bu çalışma, Tigem Anadolu Çiftliği'ndeki Safkan Arap taylarının, tayların satın alınmasında büyük ekonomik kayıplara neden olan gelişimsel ortopedik hastalıkların ve kemik lezyonlarının varlığını ve yaygınlığını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın materyalleri, Tigem Anadolu Çiftliği'nde aynı sezonda doğan safkan Arap taylarıdır. Toplam 50 tay doğumdan itibaren 12 ay boyunca klinik ve radyografik muayeneler, kan analizi ve beslenme açısından değerlendirildi. Ayrıca mera toprağı ve su analizleri incelendi. Çalışmaya alınan 50 tayın 25'inde çeşitli kemik lezyonları gözlenmiştir. Arka ve/veya ön ekstremite sesamoiditisi, osteokondritis dissekans, fizitis, subkondral kistik lezyon tek başına veya birlikte gözlenmiştir. Atların gelecekteki yarış performansını etkileyen gelişimsel ortopedik hastalıkların ve kemik lezyonlarının kesin tanısı için klinik muayenelerin yetersiz olduğu ve radyolojik incelemelerin gerekli olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca kan parametrelerinin tayın fiziksel gelişimi sırasında değiştiği ancak bu değişikliklerin gelişimsel ortopedik hastalıkları etkilemediği sonucuna da varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Gelişimsel Ortopedik Hastalık, Kemik Lezyonu, Osteokondritis, Radyografi, Tay

Clinical and Radiographic Diagnosis of Developmental Orthopedic Disease and Bone Lesions Determined in Thoroughbred Arabian Foals

The main objective of the present study was to determine the presence and prevalence of developmental orthopedic diseases and bone lesions, which causes huge economical looses in the purchasing of foals, in Thoroughbred Arabian foals in Tigem Anatolian Farm. The materials for this study were 50 Thoroughbred Arabian foals which were born on the same season. In total 50 foals were evaluated for clinical and radiographic examinations, blood analysis and nutrition for 12 months from birth. In addition, pasture soil and water analyzes were viewed. Variety of bone lesions were observed in 25 of 50 foals that are involved in the study. In foals hindlimb and/or forelimb sesamoiditis, osteochondrosis dissecans, physitis, subchondral cystic lesions were observed alone or together. We concluded that the clinical examination is inadequate and radiographic examinations are necessary for definitive diagnosis of developmental orthopedic diseases and bone lesions that are affecting horses’ future race performance. This study also shows that the blood parameters change during foal’s physical development, but these changes don’t affect developmental orthopedic diseases.

Keywords:

Bone lesion, Developmental Orthopedic Disease, Foal, Osteochondrosis, Radiograph,

PDF

___

Referans1. Şirin Ö, Alkan Z (2010): Developmental orthopedic disease in foals. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 16: 887-892.
Referans2. Olstad K, Ekman S, Carlson CS (2015): An update on the pathogenesis of osteochondrosis. Vet Pathol. 52: 785–802.
Referans3. Jeffcott LB (2004): Developmental diseases affecting growing horses. The growing horse: nutrition and prevention of growth disorders. pp. 231- 245. Dijon, France.
Referans4. Douglas J (2003): Physitis. In: Diagnosis and Management of Lameness in the Horse. Ross MW, Dyson SJ (eds), pp.554-556. Saunders Elsevier, Missouri, USA.
Referans5. Lepeule J, Bareille N, Valette J, et al (2008): Developmental orthopaedic disease in limbs of foals: Between-breed variations in the prevalence, location and severity at weaning. Animal. 2: 284-291.
Referans6. Mcllwraith CW (2004): Developmental orthopedic disease: problems of limbs in young horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 24: 475-479.
Referans7. Wright IM, Dyson SJ, Kannegieter N, et al (1999): Developmental Orthopaedic Disease. In: The Equine Manual. Higgins AJ, Wraight IM (eds). pp. 911919. Saunders Elsevier, Missouri, USA.
Referans8. Baker WT, Slone DE, Ramos JA, et al. (2014): Improvement in bilateral carpal valgus deviation in 9 foals after unilateral distolateral radial periosteal transection and elevation. Vet Surg. 44: 547–550.
Referans9. Ross MW, Dyson SJ (2003): Diagnosis and Management of Lameness in the Horse. pp.534-570. Elsevier, Philedelphia, USA.
Referans10. van Weeren PR, Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Ooste, Barneveld A (1999b): The influence of birth weight, rate of weight gain and final achieved height and sex on the development of osteochondrotic lesions in a population of genetically predisposed Warmblood foals. Equine Vet J Suppl. 31: 26-30.
Referans11. Jacquet S, Robert C, Valette JP, Denoix JM (2013): Evolution of radiological findings detected in the limbs of 321 young horses between the ages of 6 and 18 months. Vet J. 197: 58-64.
Referans12. Denoix JM, Jacquet J, Lepeule N, et al (2013): Radiographic findings of juvenile osteochondral conditions detected in 392 foals using a field radiographic protocol. The Veterinary Journal. 197: 44–51.
Referans13. Bourebaba L, Löcken M, Marycz K (2019): Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) in Horses – Molecular Background of its Pathogenesis and Perspectives for Progenitor Stem Cell Therapy. Stem Cell Reviews and Reports. 15: 374–390.
Referans14. Marshall M (2007): Developmental Orthopedic Disease in Thoroughbred Foals an Epidemiological Comparison Between A Stud in Ireland and A Stud in Australia. Thesis. University of Sydney Faculty of Veterinary Science, Sydney.
Referans15. Gorissen BMC, Wolschrijn CF, van Rietbergen B, et al (2018). Trabecular and subchondral bone development of the talus and distal tibia from foal to adult in the warmblood horse. Anat Histol Embryol. 47: 206–215.
Referans16. Reesink HL (2017): Foal Fractures: Osteochondral Fragmentation, Proximal Sesamoid Bone Fractures/Sesamoiditis, and Distal Phalanx Fractures. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 33: 397-416.
Referans17. McLellan J, Plevin S (2014): Do radiographic signs of sesamoiditis in yearling Thoroughbreds predispose to the development of suspensory ligament branch injury? Equine Vet J. 46: 446-450.
Referans18. Plevin S, McLellan J, O'Keeffe T (2016): Association between sesamoiditis, subclinical ultrasonographic suspensory ligament branch change and subsequent clinical injury in yearling Thoroughbreds. Equine Vet J. 48: 543-547.
Referans19. Spike-Pierce DL, Bramlage LR (2003): Correlation of racing performance with radiographic changes in the proximal sesamoid bones of 487 Thoroughbred yearlings. Equine Vet J. 35: 350–353.
Referans20. Le Roux C, Carstens A (2018): Axial sesamoiditis in the horse: A review. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association. 89: a1544.
Referans21. Kratz A, Lewandrowski KB, Siegel AJ, et al (2002): Effect of marathon running on hematologic and biochemical laboratory parameters, including cardiac markers. Am J Clin Pathol. 118: 856-863.
Referans22. Mami S, Khaje G, Shahriari A, et al (2019): Evaluation of Biological Indicators of Fatigue and Muscle Damage in Arabian Horses After Race. J Equine Vet Sci.78: 74-78.
Referans23. van Weeren PR, Barneveld A (1999a): Study design to evaluate the influence of exercise on the development of the musculoskeletal system of foals up to age 11 months. Equine Vet J. 31: 4-8.
Referans24. Toribio RE (2011): Disorders of calcium and phosphate metabolism in horses. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 27: 129‐147.