Ayman ELSABAGH, Abd Elhamid OMAR, Hirofumi SANEOKA, Celaleddin BARUTÇULAR

Soyada Tuzluluk stresinin çimlenme ve fide gelişimi üzerine fizyolojik tepkilerinin saptanması

Tuzlaşma, kurak ve yarıkurak tarım alanların en yaygın sorunlarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Soya, önemli bir baklagil bitkisidir. Bu çalışmada, üç farklı tuz konsantrasyonunun Kontrol, 25 and 50 mM NaCl , beş soya çeşidinin çimlenme ve fide özelliklerine fizyolojik etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çeşitler, erken gelişme döneminde tuz toleransı yönünden büyük farklılıklar göstermiştir. Çimlenme oranı, klorofil miktarı, yaprak sayısı ve bitki boyu artan tuz konsantrasyonu ile birlikte önemli düşüşler göstermiştir. Japon TSU ve Mısır Giza-111 çeşitleri tuz stresinden diğer çeşitlere göre daha az etkilenmişlerdir. Ayrıca, TSU ve Giza-111 çeşitleri, artan tuz consantrasyonlarında diğer çeşitlere oranla daha yüksek, çimlenme oranı, kurumadde ve oransal su içeriği göstermiştir. Tuz stresi, çeşitlerin tamamında fide dokusunda Na+ artışını teşvik etmiştir. Buna karşın TSU ve Giza111 çeşitleri, tuzlu koşullarda diğer çeşitlere oranla daha düşük Na+ ve daha yüksek K+ ve prolin biriktirmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada, TSU ve Giza-111 çeşitlerinin çimlenme ve ilk fide döneminde diğer çeşitlere oranla tuza daha toleranslı olduğu saptanmıştır

Physiological performance of soybean germination and seedling growth under salinity stress

One of the most widespread agricultural problems in arid and semiarid regions is soil salinity. Soybean is one of the most important fabaceae plants. The objectives of this investigation were concentrated on the influence of three saline concentrations Control, 25 and 50 mM NaCl on some physiological parameters during germination and seedling stage of five soybean cultivars. The results were revealed a large variability within cultivars for salt tolerance at the early growth stages. Germination percentages, chlorophyll content, leaf number and plant height were significantly reduced with increasing salinity concentrations. The Japanese cultivar TSU and Egyptian cultivar Giza-111 was less affected by salinity stress than other cultivars. Also, TSU and Giza -111 maintained a higher germination percent, dry weight and relative water content than other cultivars with increasing of salinity concentrations. Salinity stress induced a significant increase in seedling tissue sodium Na+ in all cultivars. However, TSU and Giza-111 maintained lower Na+ both higher potassium K+ and proline accumulated at the higher saline conditions than other cultivars. In this study, exhibited higher levls of tolerance to salinity compared to the other cultivars during germination and seedling stage

Keywords:

Salinity Germination, Proline, Sodium, Potassium,

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