Fatih ZOR, Nail ERSÖZ, Yalçın KÜLAHÇI, Emin KAPI, Mehmet BOZKURT

Birinci basamak yanık tedavisinde altın standartlar

Dünyada her yıl 2.5 milyon insan yanıktan etkilenmektedir. Ülkemizde bu konuyla ilgili kesin bir veri tabanı bulunmamaktadır. Ancak son zamanlarda Türkiye’de yanık epidemiyolojisi ile ilgili sağlıklı istatistiksel veriler elde edilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Yanık yaralanması sonrasında miyokard infarktüsü, kalp yetmezliği, akut hipertansiyon, endokardit, tromboemboli, pulmoner ödem, pnömoni, solunum yetmezliği, böbrek yetmezliği, gastrik ülser, ileus, sepsis, koagülopati, anemi gibi çok çeşitli komplikasyonlar gözlenebilir. Bazı komplikasyonlar önlenebilir ya da tedavi edilebilir özelliktedir. Bu nedenle yanık olgularında ilk basamak tedavide alınacak tedbirlerin önemi oldukça büyüktür. Deri, vücut yüzeyinde oluşan fark edilmeyen sıvı kaybını önleyen bir bariyerdir. Akut yanıklı olgularda, deri yüzeyi kaybına bağlı olarak ısı kaybı ortaya çıkar. Bu olgularda, vücut sıcaklığının korunmasına yönelik girişimler önem taşır. Ayrıca sıvı resusitasyonu oldukça önemlidir. Yanıklı olgularda bir diğer özellik, akut dönemde hasarlı dokuların enfeksiyona oldukça yatkın olmasıdır. Yanık bakımı ve tedavisi, oldukça zor ve kompleks prosedürler içerir. Bu bakımdan, yanık olgularının tedavisi ti- tiz ve multidisipliner yaklaşımlar gerektirmektedir.

Gold standards for primary care of burn management

Every year, about 2.5 million people are affected from burns in the world. In our country there is no reliable database related to this subject. There are ongoing studies about the epidemiology of burns in Turkey. After burn injury had represent many various complications, such as myocardial infarction, cardiac deficiency, acute hypertension, endocarditis, thromboembolism, pulmonary edema, pneumonia, respiratuar failure, renal failure, gastric ulcus, ileus, sepsis, coagulopathy and anemia. Such complications can preventable or treatable. In this respect, preventive management in the first step burn treatment had very importantly in burn cases. Skin is a barrier which protects evaporative heat loss. In cases of acute burn, hypothermia occurs related to skin loss. For these cases, care must be taken to keep the patient warm. In addition fluid resuscitation is very important in these cases. Fur- thermore, the damaged tissues are highly susceptible to infection in burned patients. Burn care and rehabilitation includes challenging and complex procedures. Briefly, treatments of burn cases require a multidisciplinary and meticulous approach.

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