YENİ TİP 1 DİABETES MELLİTUS TEŞHİSİ KONULAN ÇOCUKLARIN BESLENME VE AĞIZ HİJYENİ EĞİTİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Amaç: Literatürde tip 1 diyabetin erken döneminde verilen beslenme ve ağız hijyeni eğitiminin sonuçlarını değerlendiren çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışma- nın amacı Tip 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) teşhisi konu- lan çocuklarda beslenme ve ağız hijyeni alışkanlıklarını incelemek, aynı yaş grubu sistemik sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırmak ve bulguları diyabetin kontrolünün 3. ayında tekrar değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza 10-16 yaş arası 60 birey dâhil edildi. Yaş, boy, kilo ve vücut kütle indeksi açısından benzer olan çalışma gruplarımızı; sistemik olarak sağlıklı bireyler (S), yeni T1DM teşhisi konulan hastalar (DY) ve T1DM’li hastaların 3. ay kontrolleri (DK) oluşturdu. Bireylerin periodontal muayenelerinde OHİ-S (Oral Hijyen İndeksi) ve SKI (Sulkus Kanama İndeksi) belirlendi. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin ebeveynleri ile beslenme ve ağız hijyeni anketi yapıldı. Bulgular: DY grubunda OHİ-S değerleri, DK grubuna göre daha yüksekti (p=0.005). DY grubunda SKİ değerleri, S ile DK gruplarından daha fazla bulundu (Sırasıyla; p = 0.002 ve p=0.015). Öğün atlamayan bireylerin yüzdesi DK grubunda en yüksekti (%90). DY grubunda; genellikle tatlı tüketen bireylerin yüzdesi (%66.7) ve genellikle içecek tüketen bireylerin yüzdesi (%76.7) en yüksekti. S grubunda genellikle atıştırmalık tüketen bireylerin yüzdesi en düşüktü(%26.7). Genel- likle dişlerini fırçalayan ve düzenli gargara yapan birey- lerin yüzdeleri DY grubuna göre (Sırasıyla; %30, %10), DK grubunda (Sırasıyla; %76.7, %46.7) yüksel- diği izlendi. DY grubunda fırçalama esnasında genel- likle dişeti kanaması olan bireylerin yüzdesi (%53.3), S (%26.7) ve DK (%23.3) gruplarına göre daha fazla bulundu. Sonuçlar: Ağız hijyenini de etkileyebilen beslenme alışkanlıkları, kontrolsüz T1DM’li çocuklarda bozulduğu izlendi. Dolayısı ile diyabetik bireylere verilen ağız hijyeni ve beslenme eğitimi; hem diyabetin kontrolü, hem de periodontal sağlığın idamesi için önemlidir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Tip 1 Diabetes, Mellitus, ağız hijyeni, beslenme alışkanlıklarıEVALUATION OF ORAL HYGIENE AND NUTRITIONAL EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUSABSTRACT Objectives: There is no study in the literature evaluating the results of oral hygiene and nutritional education in the early stages of type 1 diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate oral hygiene and nutritional education in children diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), and reevaluate the children diagnosed with T1DM after 3 months, and compare them with those of systemically healthy controls.Materials and Methods: The present study was consisted of 60 individuals aged between 10-16 years. Systemically healthy individuals (S), patients with newly diagnosed T1DM (DY), and their control after 3 months (DK), formed the study groups which were similar with regards to age, height, weight, and body mass index. The periodontal examination was consisted of OHI-S (Oral Hygiene Index) and SBI (Sulcus Bleeding Index). Oral hygiene and nutritional questionnaire was conducted with the parents.Results: OHI-S values were higher in group DY, compared to group DK (p = 0.005). SBI values in group DY were higher compared to group S and group DK (p = 0.002 and p = 0.015, respectively). No meal skipping percentage in group DK was the highest (90%). The percentages of usually sweet (66.7%) and drink consumption (76.7%) were the highest in the group DY. The percentage of usually snack consumption was the lowest in group S (26.7%). The percentages of usually tooth brushing and gargling increased in group DK (76.7% and 46.7%, respectively), compared to group DY (30% and 10%, respectively). The percentage of bleeding on brushing in group DY (53.3%) was higher compared to group S (26.7%) and group DK (23.3%).Conclusions: Dietary habits, which can effect oral hygiene, is disrupted in children with uncontrolled T1DM. Oral hygiene and nutritional education of individuals with diabetes is important for both control of diabetes and maintenance of periodontal health. Key Words: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus; oral hygiene; dietary habits

Anahtar Kelimeler:

ip 1 Diabetes, Mellitus, ağız hijyeni

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