Evaluation of the activities of toothpastes with different contents in the prevention of enamel demineralization: An in vitro study

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of toothpastes in preventing initial caries. Methods: Sixty extracted human molar teeth were used in the study. After the initial DIAGNOdent values of the teeth were recorded, the teeth were divided into 6 groups (n = 10) and toothpastes containing arginine + fluoride, hydroxyapatite + fluoride, bioactive glass + fluoride, fluoride, and chi- tosan were applied. After the teeth were kept in demineralization solution for 6 hours, remineral- ization solution for 16 hours, and toothpaste mixture for 2 minutes every day for a total of 14 days, final DIAGNOdent measurements were made, and the teeth were sectioned in the buccolingual direction. Then, microhardness measurement was performed. Mineral loss results were obtained from these measurements. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy images were obtained from 1 sample of every group. The data obtained were evaluated statistically and at a significance level of P < .05. Results: Maximum increase observed in the DIAGNOdent measurements was in the control group and minimum increase was in the hydroxyapatite group (P = .000). Maximum hardness values in all the depths were in the hydroxyapatite group, while the minimum increase was in the control group. When the mineral loss results were examined, remineralization occurred in the hydroxy- apatite + fluoride, arginine + fluoride, bioactive glass + fluoride, and fluoride groups, respectively. Demineralization was detected in the chitosan and control groups. When the chitosan group was compared with the control group, however, demineralization was prevented (P = .119). Conclusion: It is concluded that regular use of the toothpastes containing hydroxyapatite, bioac- tive glass, and arginine making synergic effect with fluoride may be useful in the prevention of the initial caries lesions. Keywords: Demineralization, remineralization, toothpaste, DIAGNOdent Pen, cross-sectional microhardness ÖZ Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; diş macunlarının başlangıç çürüklerini önleme etkinliklerini değerlendirmektir. Yöntemler: Çalışmada 60 adet insan çekilmiş molar dişi kullanıldı. Dişlerin başlangıç DIAGNOdent değerleri ölçüldükten, sonra 6 gruba (n = 10) ayrıldı ve arginin+florid, hidroksiapatit+florid, biyo- aktif cam+florid, florid, kitosan içeren diş macunları uygulandı. Dişler 14 gün boyunca her gün 6 saat demineralizasyon solüsyonunda, 16 saat remineralizasyon solüsyonunda, 2 dakika da diş macunu karışımında bekletildikten sonra son DIAGNOdent ölçümleri yapılarak bukko lingual yönde kesildi ve mikrosertlik ölçümleri yapıldı. Mikrosertlik testi sonunda elde edilen değerlerden mineral kayıpları hesaplandı ve kantitatif olarak değerlendirildi. Ayrıca her gruptan birer örneğin de Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM) görüntüleri elde edildi. Elde edilen veriler istatistiksel olarak ve anlamlılık P < ,05 düzeyinde değerlendirildi. Bulgular: DIAGNOdent ölçümlerinde gözlenen en fazla artış kontrol uygulanılan grupta, en az artış ise hidroksiapatit grubunda gözlendi (P = ,000). Tüm derinliklerde en yüksek sertlik değerleri hidroksiapatit grubunda, en düşük artış ise kontrol grubundaydı. Mineral kaybı sonuçları incelendiğinde sırasıyla hidroksiapatit+florid, arjinin+florid, biyoaktif cam+florid, florid gurubunda reminera- lizasyon meydana geldiği belirlendi. Kitosan ve kontrol grubunda demineralizasyon olduğu saptandı. Kitosan grubu kontrol grubu ile kıyaslandığında ise demineralizasyonu engellediği sonucuna varıldı (P = ,119). Sonuç: Başlangıç çürük lezyonlarının engellenmesinde florid ile sinerjik etki yapan hidroksiapatit, biyoaktif cam, arjinin içeren diş macunlarının düzenli olarak kullanılması faydalı olabileceği sonucuna varıldı. Anahtar Kelimeler: Demineralizasyon, remineralizasyon, diş macunu, DIAGNOdent Pen, çapraz mikrosertlik

Keywords:

Demineralization, remineralization toothpaste, DIAGNOdent Pen,

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