Saurabh RamBihariLal SHRİVASTAVA, Prateek Saurabh SHRİVASTAVA, Jegadeesh RAMASAMY

Congenital Anomalies: Public Health Interventions to Ensure its Prevention and Expansion of Care to the Patients

Konjenital anomaliler yapısal veya fonksiyonel olarak tanımlanır ve doğuştan ortaya çıkan metabolik/biyokimysal bozuklukları içerir. Evrensel bir problem olan konjenital anomaliler; uzun süreli bozukluklarla ilişkili olmaları; sosyal stigma, ailelerin duygusal / fizyolojik stres yaşamaları, artan medikal maliyetlerle birlikte sosyal sağlık sistemlerine yük oluşturmaları nedeniyle önemli bir halk sorunu olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Konjenital anomalilerin ortaya çıkmasından korunmak için; toplumdaki ve hastanedeki vakaların kaydedilmesi amacıyla gözetim sistemi kurulmalı, halk sağlığı sistemi güçlendirilmeli, etyolojik faktörlerin araştırılması, teşhis ve korunma stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi için teşvik verilmeli, uluslararası işbirliği yapılmalı ve akraba evliliği/ ilerlemiş yaşlarda gebe kalma/ malformasyona sahip çocuklu ailelerin yeniden çocuk dünyaya getirmeleri konusunda uyarılarda bulunmak gerekmektedir. Sonuç; sağlık profesyonelleri ve gönüllülerin katılımıyla etkin bir gözetim sistemi tarafından desteklenen kapsamlı bir politika sistemi formüle edilmelidir.

Konjenital Anomaliler: Halk Sağlığı İçin Müdahaleleri Sağlamak, Olumsuzlukları Önlemek ve Hasta Bakımının Geliştirilmesi

Congenital anomalies can be defined as structural or functional anomalies, including metabolic / biochemical disorders, which are present at the time of birth. Congenital anomalies has been recognized as a major public health concern, owing to its universal distribution, associated long-term disability; social stigma; emotional / psychological stress for the family members; increased medical expenditure; and burden on the health care delivery system & societies. To prevent the occurrence of congenital anomalies, due attention should be given to establishment of appropriate surveillance systems to record cases from both community and hospital settings; strengthening of public health system; promoting research to explore the etiological factors and diagnosis/prevention strategies; fostering international cooperation; and discouraging the practice of consanguineous marriage / conception at an advanced age / further reproduction after birth of a malformed child. To conclude, there is an indispensable need to formulate a comprehensive policy, that should be well-supported by an efficient surveillance system, dedicated health care professionals and involvement of all stakeholders.

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