Kaveh Bahmanpour, Hassan Navipour, Fazlollah Ahmadi, Anoshiravan KAZEMNEJAD

Klinik hemşirelikte eleştirel düşünme: içerik analizi

Amaç: Kritik düşünme becerileri kazanarak karşılanabilen, nitelikli hemşirelik bakımının önemli hedefleri, güvenli, etkin ve verimli bakım sunmaktır. Hemşirelikte eleştirel düşünme genel bir kavramdır ve tanımıyla ilgili birçok belirsizlik vardır. Bu yazıda, klinik hemşireliği ile doğrudan ilişkisi olan eleştirel düşüncenin belirli bir tanımı sunulmaktadır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu nitel içerik analizinde, hemşirelere doğrudan müdahale eden 18 hemşireden veri toplanmıştır. Tahran, Karaj ve Sanandaj hastanelerinde yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapıldı. Veriler endüktif içerik analizi ile analiz edildi.Bulgular: Kritik düşüncenin ortaya çıkardığı özellikler, klinik durumlarla yüzyüze bakarken hemşirelik süreci, klinik kararlar almak için ölçüt temelli olma, bütünsel performanslara vurgu yapma, kişisel eleştirel düşünme eğilimlerini vurgulama ve klinik durumlarda yüzleşmede duygusal zeka kullanmaSonuç: Ortaya çıkan kategoriler, klinik hemşirelik bağlamında eleştirel düşünme ile ilgili bir operatif tanım geliştirilmesiyle sonuçlanmıştır. Bu tanım uygulayıcılara pratikte etkili performans için bir çerçeve ve yönerge geliştirmeye yardımcı olabilir. Bu çerçeve genellikle hemşirelikte yeterliliği garanti eder.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kritik, Düşünme, Nitel Araştırmalar, Hemşireler

Critical thinking in clinical nursing: a content analysis

Purpose: Delivery of safe, effective and efficient care are important goals of qualified nursing care which can be met by acquiring critical thinking skills. In nursing critical thinking is a general concept and there are many uncertainty about its definition. In this paper, a specific definition of critical thinking is offered which has a direct relationship with clinical nursing.Methods: In this qualitative content analysis, data were gathered from 18 nurses who had direct involvement with subjects. Semi structured interviews in Tehran, Karaj and Sanandaj hospitals, were conducted .The data were analyzed through inductive content analysis.Results: The extracted attributes of critical thinking were using nursing process in facing with clinical situations, being criterion-based in making clinical decisions, emphasizing on holistic performances, personal critical thinking dispositions and using emotional intelligence in facing with clinical situations Conclusions: The emerged categories were resulted in developing an operative definition about the critical thinking in the context of clinical nursing. This definition can help practitioners to develop a framework and guidelines for effective performance in practice. This framework usually guarantees competency in nursing.

Keywords:

Critical, Thinking, Qualitative research,

PDF

___

1. Ismail Azizi-Fini, Ali Hajibagheri, Mohsen Adib-Hajbaghery. Critical thinking skills in nursing students: a comparison between freshmen and senior students. Nurs Midwifery Stud. 2015;4:e25721
2. da Costa Carbogim F, de Oliveira LB, de Araújo Püschel VA. Critical thinking: concept analysis from the perspective of Rodger’s evolutionary method of concept analysis. Rev Lat-Am Enferm. 2016;24:e2785.
3. Zori S, Nosek LJ, Musil CM. Critical thinking of nurse managers related to staff RNs’ perceptions of the practice environment. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2010;42:305–13.
4. Banning M. Clinical reasoning and its application to nursing: concepts and research studies. Nurse Educ Pract. 2008;8:177-83.
5. Özkahraman Ş, Yıldırım B. An overview of critical thinking in nursing and education. Am Int J Contemp Res. 2011;1:190-6.
6. Tajvidi M, Ghiyasvandian S, Salsali M. Probing concept of critical thinking in nursing education in Iran: a concept analysis. Asian Nurs Res. 2014;8:158–64.
7. Fero LJ, O’Donnell JM, Zullo TG, Dabbs AD, Kitutu J, Samosky JT et al. Critical thinking skills in nursing students: comparison of simulation-based performance with metrics. J Adv Nurs. 2010;66:2182–93.
8. Por J. A critical engagement with the concept of advancing nursing practice. J Nurs Manag. 2008;16:84–90.
9. Edwards SL. Critical thinking: a two-phase framework. Nurse Educ Pract. 2007:7:303–14.
10. Reid H. The correlation between a general critical thinking skills test and a discipline specific critical thinking test for associate degree nursing students (Doctorate dissertation). Denton, Texas, University of North Texas, 2000.
11. Jenkins SD. Cross-cultural perspectives on critical thinking. J Nurs Educ. 2011;50:268–74.
12. Alfaro-LeFevre R. Critical Thinking and Clinical Judgment: A Practical Approach to Outcome-Focused Thinking. St. Louis, MO, Saunders, 2009.
13. Tucker TM, Predictors of critical thinking as a component of an outcomes assessment in a graduate level school of social work (Doctorate dissertation). Louisville, University of Louisville, 2008.
14. Broome ME, Rodgers BL, Knafl KA. Concept Development in Nursing: Foundations, Techniques and Applications, 2nd ed. New York, WB Saunders, 2000.
15. Hsieh H-F. Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qual Health Res. 2005;15:1277–88.
16. Elo S, Kyngäs H. The qualitative content analysis process. J Adv Nurs. 2008;62:107–15.
17. Chinn PL, Kramer MK. Integrated Theory & Knowledge Development in Nursing, 8th ed. St Louis, MO, Elsevier, 2013.
18. Vaismoradi M, Turunen H, Bondas T. Content analysis and thematic analysis: implications for conducting a qualitative descriptive study. Nurs Health Sci. 2013;5:398-405.
19. Graneheim UH, Lundman B. Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Educ Today. 2004;24:105-12.
20. Polit DF, Beck CT. Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010.
21. Cope DG. Methods and meanings: credibility and trustworthiness of qualitative research. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2014;41:89-91.
22. Geng F. An content analysis of the definition of critical thinking. Asian Soc Sci. 2014;10:124-8.
23. Salsali M, Tajvidi M, Ghiyasvandian SH. Explaining the concept of critical thinking from the perspective of nurses. The Journal of Urmia Nursing and Midwifery Faculty. 2013; 11:714-722.
24. Chabeli MM. Facilitating critical thinking within the nursing process framework: a literature review Health SA Gesondheid. 2007;12:69-89.
25. Lunney M. Use of Critical thinking in the diagnostic process. Int J Nurs Terminol Classif. 2010;21:82–8.
26. Forneris SG. Exploring the attributes of critical thinking: a conceptual basis. Int J Nurs Educ Scholarsh. 2004;1:Article9.,
27. Forneris SG, Mc Alpine CP. Creating context for critical thinking in practice: the role of the preceptor. J Adv Nurs. 2009;65:1715–24.
28. Kaya H, Senyuva E, Bodur G. Developing critical thinking disposition and emotional intelligence of nursing students: a longitudinal research. Nurse Educ Today. 2017;48:72-77.
29. Madadkhani Z, Nikoogoftar M. Critical thinking in nurses: predictive role of emotional intelligence. Journal of Hayat. 2015;20(4):77–88.