Özge PEKİN İŞERİ, Özgül KARAYURT, Sezai YILMAZ

Yabancı bir organ ile yaşamak: canlıdan karaciğer transplantasyonu yapılan alıcıların danışmanlık gereksinimleri

Amaç: Karaciğer transplantasyonu son dönem akut ve kronik karaciğer yetmezliği olan hastalar için yaşam kurtaran bir tedavi yöntemidir. Karaciğer transplantasyonunun her ne kadar olumlu sonuçları olsa da alıcılar fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal açıdan birçok sorun yaşamaktadırlar. Bu nedenle alıcıların yaşanılan sorunlarla baş edebilmesi için danışmanlık gereksinimlerinin karşılanması oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı canlıdan karaciğer transplantasyonu yapılan alıcıların danışmanlık gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma tanımlayıcı kalitatif bir araştırmadır. Çalışma Kasım-Aralık 2012 tarihlerinde yürütülmüştür. Veriler canlıdan karaciğer transplantasyonu olan 16 alıcı ile derinlemesine görüşme yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde içerik analizi yöntemi ve tümevarımcı yaklaşım kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Alıcıların danışmanlık gereksinimleri ‘’transplantasyon öncesine ilişkin danışmanlık gereksinimleri’’ ve ‘’transplantasyon sonrasına ilişkin danışmanlık gereksinimleri’’ olmak üzere iki ana temadan ve tanımlanan yedi alt temadan oluşmaktadır. Birinci ana temanın üç alt teması (karaciğer yetmezliğinin nedenleri ve belirtileri, tedavi süreci, vericiler); ikinci ana temanın (kullanılan ilaçlar, oluşabilecek komplikasyonlar, cinsel yaşam ve beden imajı ile yeni yaşamları) ise dört alt teması bulunmaktadır.Sonuç: Canlıdan karaciğer transplantasyonu olan alıcıların transplantasyondan önce ve sonrasında bilgilerinin yetersiz olduğu ve danışmanlık gereksinimlerinin olduğu saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Danışmanlık gereksinimi, derinlemesine görüşme, karaciğer transplantasyonu alıcısı, kalitatif araştırma, hemşirelik.

Living with a foreign organ: counselling needs of living liver transplant recipients

urpose: Liver transplantation can be a lifesaving option for people with acute/chronic liver failure. Although liver transplantation has positive outcomes, the recipients experience many physical, psychological and social problems. It is of great importance to satisfy their needs for counselling so that they can overcome these problems. The aim of the study was to describe the counselling needs of living liver transplant recipients. Materials and Methods: A descriptive qualitative research design was used. The study was conducted between November 2012 and December 2012. In-depth interviews were performed with sixteen participants who had experiences of living liver transplantation. Data were analyzed with inductive content analysis. Results: The liver transplant recipients’ counselling needs were categorized into two main themes: ‘’pre-transplantation period counselling needs’’ and ‘’post-transplant period counselling needs’’. Subthemes were also identified and described. The first main theme had three subthemes (causes and symptoms of liver failure, treatment process, living donors) and the second main theme had four subthemes (medications used, possible complications, sexuality and body image and life after transplantation). Conclusions: The results indicate that the living liver transplant recipients’ currently have insufﬁcient knowledge about transplantation periods and they need counselling.

Keywords:

Counselling needs, depth interview, liver transplant recipient, qualitative research, nursing.,

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