Ayse DELIKTAS, Oznur KORUKCU, Kamile KUKULU

Farklı Gruplarda Annelik Deneyimi

Anne olma süreci kadının hayat döngüsünde en önemli gelişimsel geçişlerden birisir. Bu süreç, aileye yeni bir üyenin katılması ile çoğu zaman mutluluk verici bir olay olmaktadır. Anneliğe geçiş ilk gebeliğini yaşayan kadınlarda, adölesan gebelerde, ileri yaş gebelerde ve konjenital anomalisi olan bir bebeğe sahip olan gebelerde farklı şekillerde olabil¬mektedir. İlk gebeliğini yaşayan kadınların ebeveyn rol ve sorumluklarına ilişkin yeterli bilgisinin olmaması anksiyete yaşamalarına sebep olurken, maternal yeterliliğe sahip olan multiparların annelik rolüne uyumu daha yüksek ve postpartum stres düzeyleri daha az olmaktadır. Adölesan gebeler içinde bulundukları gelişimsel değişikliklere adapte olmaya çalışırken, bunlara eklenecek olan annelik rolü ile riskli ve bilinmez-liklerin olduğu bir süreç yaşayabilmektedir. İleri yaş gebeler yaşa özel sahip oldukları avantaj ve dezavantajlar ile anne olma deneyimini farklı şekillerde yaşayabilmektedir. Sağlıklı bir bebeğe sahip olmayı uman bir anne, bebekte anomali tanı sonrası post-travmatik stres yaşayabilmekte, bu duruma öfke, şok, hayal kırıklığı ve yetersiz adaptasyon gibi tepkiler verebilmektedir. Genellikle hastanede yatma sürecini de beraberinde getiren yüksek riskli gebelikler ise anne için yeni adaptasyon süreci gerektirmekte ve maternal rolü kesintiye uğratmaktadır. Bu çalışma anneliğe geçiş sürecinin her kadın için bireysel olduğunu vurgulamak, farklı gruplarda anneliğe geçiş deneyimini irdelemek ve bu süreç hakkın¬da sağlık profesyonellerine farkındalık kazandırmak amacıyla derleme şeklinde yazılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Gebelik, anneler, doğum

Motherhood Experience in Different Groups

The process of becoming a mother is one of the most important developmental transitions in a woman’s life cycle. This process is the most gratifying event with the participation of a new member to the family. Transition to motherhood can be in different ways, in first time pregnant women, adolescent pregnant women, women with a baby with congenital abnormalities and older age pregnant women. While women having their first pregnancies with lack of sufficient information about the role and responsibilities of parents have more anxiety, multiparous women with higher maternal competence have less postpartum stress and higher maternal competence. Adolescent pregnant women who are trying to adapt to developmental changes can live a risky and obscure process with new additional maternal roles. Older pregnant mother with the advantages and disadvantages of their special age can experience motherhood in different ways. A mother hoping to have a healthy baby but have a baby with abnormalities may experience post-traumatic stress disorder and may give reactions as anger, shock, disappointment and insufficient adaptation. A high risk pregnancy, which usually brings hospitalization process, requires a new adaptation for the mother, interrupting the maternal role. This review article aimes to emphasize that motherhood transition is unique for each woman, to examine the transition to motherhood experience in different groups and to make health care professions aware about motherhood process in different women characteristics.

Keywords:

Pregnancy, mothers, parturition,

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