Tülay İREZ, Seyfettin ULUDAĞ, Sevilay ERİMŞAH, İsmail SEÇKİN

Sperm morfolojisi ve kromatin kondensasyon defektleri arasındaki korelasyon

Amaç: Sperm kromatin kondensasyonu spermiogenesis süresince paternal histonların protaminlerle değişimi ile sonuçlanan ve erkek genomunun sağlıklı taşınabilir hale gelmesinde önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sperm morfolojisininin normal veya teratospermik sınırlarda olduğu durumlarda ve astenospermide oraya çıkan kromatin bozukluklarının histokimyasal ve ultrastrüktürel olarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Çalışmamızda sperm morfolojisi ve motilitesi göz önünde bulundurularak, intrastoplazmik sperm enjeksiyonu uygulanan 29 -55 arasında yaş dağılımı gösteren 60 olgu normospermik, oligoastenospermik ve teratospermik olarak üç guruba ayrıldı. Bu çalışmada asidik anilin mavisi ve toluidin mavisi boyaları kullanılarak lizinden zengin olan histonların ve argininden zengin olan protaminlerin boyanma eğilimleri ve ultrastrukturel analizler göz önünde bulundurularak sperm kromatin kondensasyon derecesi incelendi.Bulgular: Anilin mavisi (AB) ve toluidin (TB) mavisi boyaları ile yapılan ışık mikroskopi çalışmalarında, sperm baş yapısındaki anomalilerin, kondensasyon defektlerinin ve DNA hasarlarının oranlarının teratozoospermi (≤% 4 normal morfoloji), astenozoospermi (%14 nomal morfoloji ) olgularına oranla daha fazla olduğunu belirledik Sperm baş morfolojisi ile AB ve TB pozitifliği arasında negatif bir korelasyon bulundu (p=0.01 ve p=0.01). Ultrastrüktürel analiz sonucu; akrozomal anomaliler, kromatin kondensasyon bozuklukları ve apoptotik değişimler olarak özetlenebilecek üç farklı ultramorfolojik değişim gözlendi.Sonuç: Bu çalışmada tüm gruplarda asidik anilin mavisi ve toluidin mavisi pozitifliğinin sperm morfolojisi ile negatif korelasyon gösterdiği bulunmuştur (p= 0.01 ve p=0.01). Ultrastrüktürel düzeyde teratospermik ve astenospermik olgularda kondensasyon kusurlarının yanında akrozomal anomaliler ve apoptotik değişimler dikkati çekmektedir.

The correlation between sperm morphology and chromatin condensation defects

Objectives: Chromatin condensation is vital for the function of sperm which is the motile carrier of paternal genome and sperm genome quality has been emphasized for several years as playing a major role in early embryogenesis. The purpose of this study was to determine the relation of sperm morphology and motility with chromatin condensation.Methods: In this study, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) program of 60 patients were divided into three groups according to sperm morphology and motility (teratospermic, asthenospermic and normospermic). Acidic aniline blue and toluidine blue staining were used for chromatin condensation and abnormal packaging and Transmission EM for ultrastructural level of chromatin and nuclear or acrosomal structures.Results: In this study chromatin packaging was significantly correlated with normal sperm morphology namely for toluidine blue and aniline blue, respectively (p=0.01 and (p= 0.01). Electron microscopic examinations revealed that acrosomal abnormalities, apoptotic changes and condensation defects are important parameters for teratozoospermic and asthenospermic patients.Conclusion: Sperm nuclear staining with acidic aniline blue and toluidine blue and ultrastrucural analysis are important parameters for infertility investigation (p=0.01 and (p= 0.01). In the teratospermic and asthenospermic subjects, there are acrosomal anomalies and apoptotic changes besides condensation deformities at ultrastructurel level.

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