Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’nde Anadolu’daki Sofistlerin-Retorların Sınıfsal Özellikleri ve Toplumsal Yaşamdaki Etkileri

Bu makalede, II. Sofistik Dönem’de Anadolu kökenli bazı sofist ve retorların aileleri ele alınmaktadır. Epigrafik belgeler ve antik kaynaklar çok az örnek dışında sofist ve retorların toplumun en zengin ve etkili ailelerinden geldiklerini göstermektedir. Pek çoğunun ailesi Roma İmparatorluğu ile ilişki içinde olup Roma vatandaşlık hakkını elde etmiştir. Bazı sofist ve retorlar senator sınıfına yükselmiş ve çocukları içinde böyle bir kariyerin yolunu açmışlardır. Hem zengin ve ünlü olmaları hem de imparatorlarla yakın ilişkiler kurmuş olmalarından dolayı, bu kişilerden bazı kamusal görevleri yerine getirmeleri beklenmiştir. Edebi kaynaklar ve epigrafik belgeler sofist ve retorların geldikleri aile ve aldıkları eğitim sonucunda, kamusal yükümlülükleri ait oldukları toplumsal sınıf içinde dikkat çekici bir şekilde başarıyla yerine getirmiş olduklarını kanıtlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sofist • Retor • Anadolu • II. Sofistik Dönem

Greek Sophists and Rhetors: Their Social Class and Influence in Public Life in Asia Minor in the Roman Empire

In this study, the families of some sophists and rhetors in Anatolia in the Second Sophistic are discussed. Both epigraphic documents and the ancient sources indicate that with few exceptions, most sophists and rhetors came from wealthy, powerful and leading families. Most of their families had a relationship with the Roman Empire and obtained Roman citizenship. Some sophists and rhetors rose to Senatorial rank and paved the way for such promotion for their children. They had to take upon themselves some public duties in consequence of their wealth, prominence amongst the elite classes of society and having relations with the emperors. Both epigraphic documents and the ancient sources show sophists and rhetors played an active role in public duties and that they fulfilled the obligations incurred by their position quite successfully.

Keywords:

Sophist • Rhetor • Asia Minor • The Second Sophistic,

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