PHASELIS’Lİ ENTELEKTÜELLER I:THEODEKTES RHETOR, TRAGEDYA YAZARI VE BİR BİLMECE USTASI

Burada sunulan makale, M.Ö. IV. yüzyıl Atinası’nda gerek yaşamı, gerekse çalışmaları ile geniş bir yer edinmiş ve pek çok kaynak tarafından atıf almış bir entelektüel olan Phaselis’li Theodektes’i tanıtmayı amaçlamaktadır. İlk olarak Theodektes’in hayatı ve ailesi hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Aristandros’un oğlu olarak kaydedilen Theodektes’in kendisiyle aynı ismi taşıyan bir oğlu bulunmaktadır. Antik kaynaklarda verilen bilgiler yazarın doğum yılının tam olarak tespit edilmesine olanak vermese de bunun için M.Ö. IV. yüzyılın ilk çeyreği kabul edilebilir. Çalışmanın devamında Theodektes’in aldığı eğitim üzerinde durulmuş ve retorik öğretisi hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Isokrates’in yanında eğitim gören Theodektes’in hitabet alanında oldukça etkili olduğu ve bu konuda eserler verdiği bilinmektedir. Bu bölümde yazarın yeteneklerine atıfta bulunan eserler incelenmiş ve Theodektes’in özellikle bulmaca yaratma ve çözmedeki başarısı ortaya konulmuştur. Aynı bölümde yazarın katıldığı yarışmalar ele alınmış ve aldığı başarılar tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın devam eden kısmında Theodektes’in tragedya çalışmaları üzerinde durulmuş ve bilinen tragedya oyunları hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Tragedya alanında öncülleri olan Aiskhylos, Sophokles ve Euripides’in etkisinde kaldığı görülen Theodektes’in on on iki? tragedyasının adı bilinmektedir: Aias, Alkmaion, Helene, Lynkeus, Oidipus, Orestes, Philoktetes, Tydeus, Thyestes ve Maussollos ile olasılıkla Theseus ve Bellerophontes. Theodektes’in farklı kaynaklarda adları anılan söz konusu eserlerinin ele alınmasının ardından, hangi eserine ait oldukları tespit edilemeyen pasajlar da çalışmaya dâhil edilerek okuyucunun bilgisine sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Theodektes • Phaselis • Retorik • Tragedya • Bilmece

INTELLECTUALS FROM PHASELIS I: THEODEKTES RHETOR, AUTHOR OF TRAGEDY AND A RIDDLE MASTER

This article aims to present Theodectes of Phaselis, an intellectual who occupied a prominent place in IV century B.C. Athens, both through his life and his works and who was referred to by many sources. Firstly the paper mentions his life and his family. He was the son of Aristandros and had a son bearing the same name as his father. Although the information provided by the ancient sources does not record his exact birth of date, during the first quarter of the IV century B.C. seems accepted. His educational background and his rhetorical doctrine is elucidated as it is known that Theodectes was a pupil of Isocrates, and was an influential rhetorician, writing rhetorical works. The texts recording his talents are analysed and particularly his success in both creating puzzles and solving them is revealed, with emphasis upon the contests he participated in and the prizes he won. Theodectes’ work as a tragic poet and information concerning his known tragedies are noted. We know the names of ten, possibly twelve, tragedies by Theodectes, who was clearly influenced by his predecessors Aescylus, Sophocles and Euripides: Aias, Alkmaion, Helene, Lynkeus, Oidipus, Orestes, Philoktetes, Tydeus, Thyestes and Mausollos, possibly Theseus and Bellerophontes. After his tragedies, mentioned in various sources, passages from his unidentified tragedies are given. This is followed by a text of Theodectes of which we are unsure it is from a literary work.

Keywords:

Theodektes • Phaselis • Retoric • Tragedy • Riddle,

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