Bige İNCEDAYI, Buket SEYHAN, Ömer Utku ÇOPUR

Ohmik Isıtma Destekli İşlemlerin Gıdalarda Kullanımı ve Kalite Üzerine Etkisi

Gıda sektöründe geleneksel ısıl işlem uygulamalarına alternatif olabilecek daha hızlı ve çevreci üretim teknolojileri araştırılmaktadır. Son zamanlarda üzerinde birçok araştırma yapılan yöntemlerden biri olan, literatürde joule ısıtma, elektriksel direnç ısıtma, elektro iletken ısıtma ve rezistans ısıtma olarak da adlandırılan ohmik ısıtma, gıdaların elektriksel yolla ısıtıldığı bir sistemdir. Geniş bir uygulama alanına sahip olan ohmik ısıtma yönteminde ısı enerjisinin direk ürün içerisinde oluşması birçok avantaj sağlamaktadır. Ohmik ısıtma sisteminin verimliliğini etkileyen başlıca parametreler elektriksel direnç, elektriksel alan kuvveti, partikül boyutu ve konsantrasyondur. Bu derleme çalışmasında, son dönemlerde ohmik ısıtma sistemi ile gerçekleştirilen evaporasyon, ekstraksiyon, çözündürme, enzimatik ve mikrobiyal inaktivasyon uygulamaları incelenerek, ohmik ısıtmanın verimliliği, avantajları ve gıda kalitesi üzerine etkileri değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Elektroporasyon, evaporasyon, inaktivasyon, ohmik ısıtma

Use of Ohmic Heating Assisted Treatments in Foodstuffs and Impact on Quality

In the food sector, faster and ecological production technologies alternative to conventional heat treatment applications are being investigated. Ohmic heating, also called joule heating, electrical resistance heating, electro-conductive heating and resistance heating in the literature, which is one of the most researched method in recent years, is a system where the foods are heated electrically. This method has a wide application area and the formation of heat energy directly in the product during the process provides many advantages. The main parameters affecting the efficiency of the ohmic heating system are electrical resistance, electrical field strength, particle size and concentration. In this study, current ohmic heating assisted evaporation, extraction, dissolution, enzymatic and microbial inactivation applications are reviewed and the effects of ohmic heating on efficiency and food quality have been evaluated.

Keywords:

Electroporation, evaporation, inactivation, ohmic heating,

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