Kıvanç ATILGAN, Ertan DEMİRDAŞ, Ferit ÇİÇEKÇİOĞLU

OBSTRÜKTİF UYKU APNE SENDROMUNUN KALP VE DAMAR HASTALIKLARI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Obstrüktif uyku apnesi sendromu (OUAS) uyku esnasında üst solunum yolu tıkanıklıkları sonucutekrarlayan hipopne ve apne nöbetleri ile seyreden bir patolojidir. Prevelansı dünya genelindeerkeklerde %3.1-7.5 aralığında, kadınlarda %2.1-4.5 aralığında olup ileri yaş döneminde (65 yaşve üstü) hastalık prevalansının arttığı tahmin edilmektedir. Meydana gelen uykusuzluk, hipoksemi nedeniyle sempatik sinir sistemi aktivasyonu, artmış oksidatif stres ve proinflamatuar cevap,platelet aktivasyonu ve endotel disfonksiyonu meydana gelir. Tüm bu süreç beraber hareket ederek ateroskleroz oluşumu, malign disritmi ve ani kardiyak ölüm gibi fatal komplikasyonlar ile sonuçlanır. Birçok çalışma ile gösterildiği üzere OUAS kalp ve damar hastalıkları açısından bağımsızbir risk faktörüdür. Özellikle ileri yaş gruplarında kalp ve damar hastalıkları ile OUAS prevelansıparalellik göstermekte, bu da peroperatif risk profili açısından gözden kaçırılmaması gereken birparametre olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.

Effect of Obstructive Sleep Apne Syndrome on Cardiac and Vascular Diseases

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a pathology of upper respiratory tract obstruction during sleep with consequent recurrent hypopnea and apnea attacks. Prevalence is estimated to be 3.1-7.5% in males worldwide, 2.1-4.5% in females and the prevalence of disease is higher in older age (65 years and over). Sympathetic nervous system activation, elevated oxidative stress and proinflammatory response, platelet activation, and endothelial dysfunction were occurred due to sleeplessness and hypoxemia. Atherosclerosis, malignant dysrhythmias and sudden cardiac death are fatal complications of this entire process. As implicated by many studies, OSAS is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease and OSAS prevalence are parallel in especially older age groups, which is a parameter that should not be overlooked in terms of perioperative risk profile.

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