Diabetes Mellitus ve Oksidatif Stres

Diabetes mellitus hastalığının ve komplikasyonlarının gelişiminde oksidatif stres önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Diabetes mellitusta uzun dönem hiperglisemiye maruz kalma oksidatif stresin oluşumuna neden olur. Polyol yolu, ileri glikasyon son ürünleri (AGE) üretimi, glukozun oto-oksidasyonu, artmış protein kinaz C aktivitesi ve heksozamin yolu hiperglisemi kaynaklı serbest radikal üretimine neden olan başlıca mekanizmalardır. Nikotinamid adenin dinükleotit oksidaz enzim aktivitesindeki artış da oksidatif stres gelişimini etkilemektedir. Diabetes mellitusta antioksidan sistemde de değişiklikler görülmektedir. Diabetes mellitusta glutatyon, süperoksit dismutaz, katalaz gibi çeşitli antioksidan parametrelerde görülen azalmalar oksidatif hasarı hızlandırır ve çeşitli komplikasyonların görülmesine neden olur. Bu derleme yazıda diabetes mellitusta görülen oksidatif stres ve nedenleri özetlenmiştir.

Diabetes Mellitus and Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress plays an important role in progress of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Exposing to hyperglycemia for a long term causes oxidative stres. Poliol pathway, advanced glycation end-products (AGE) formation, auto-oxidation of glucose, increased protein kinaz c activation and hexosamine pathway are the main mechanisms which cause the hyperglycemia induced free radical production. Increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide activation also affects the progression of oxidative stress. Reductions in antioxidant parameters such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase which are seen in diabetes mellitus accelarate the oxidative damage and cause various complications to occur. In this review, oxidative stress and its reasons have been summarized.

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