Çocuklarda Böbrek Hastalıklarında Tıbbi Beslenme Tedavisi

Çeşitli hastalıklar nedeniyle böbrek işlevleri ani olarak bozulabilir (akut böbrek yetmezliği) ya da geri dönüşümsüz olarakkaybedilebilir (kronik böbrek yetmezliği). Böbrek hastalıklarına sahip bebek ve çocuklar tedavileri süresince diyetlerindebirçok değişikliklere maruz kalmaktadırlar. Böbrek hastalıklarının tüm evrelerinde büyüme ve gelişmeyi sağlamak içinçocukların besin alımı önemlidir. Tıbbi beslenme tedavisi (TBT), tüm yaş gruplarında çocuğun gelişimsel durumu, büyümepotansiyeli ve böbrek işlev kısıtlılıkları göz önüne alınarak bireye özgü olmalıdır. Çocuk hastalarda tedavide amaç,hastalığın progresyonunu yavaşlatmak, komplikasyonları önlemek ve tedavi etmek, büyüme/gelişmeyi ve yaşam kalitesinisağlamaktır. Bu hedeflere ulaşmada tıbbi beslenme tedavisi kritik rol oynamaktadır. Bu derleme makalede, çocukluk çağıböbrek hastalıklarındaki son gelişmeler gözden geçirilerek, güncel beslenme tedavileri uygulamalarına odaklanılacaktır.

Medical Nutritional Therapy in Childhood Kidney Diseases

A variety of diseases can affect the kidneys leading to a sudden deterioration in renal function (acute kidney injury) or an irreversible deterioration of renal function (chronic kidney disease). Infants and children with kidney diseases face many dietary manipulations throughout their course of treatment. The nutritional intake of the child is especially important in order the ensure optimal growth and development during all stages of renal disease. Diet modification and implementation must be individualized for all age groups, by taking into account the developmental levels, growth potentials and renal functional limitations. Management goals in children with kidney diseases include slowing of disease progression, prevention and treatment of complications, and optimizing growth, development, and quality of life. Nutritional management is critically important to achieve these goals. In this review recent developments in pediatric kidney diseases will be evaluated focusing on dietary measures to improve outcomes.

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