ARTİSTİK CİMNASTİKÇİLERDE AYAK VE AYAK BİLEĞİ YARALANMALARI ÜZERİNE BİR DERLEME

Cimnastik, dünya çapında yüksek katılım oranına sahip olimpik bir spor branşıdır. Uluslararası Cimnastik Federasyonu, artistik, ritmik, trampolin, aerobik ve akrobatik cimnastik olmak üzere 6 disiplin tanımlamıştır. Cimnastiğin en popüler alt disiplini olan artistik cimnastik branşında diğer spor branşlarıyla kıyaslandığında daha fazla yaralanma gözlenmektedir. Erken yaşlardan itibaren başlanılan yoğun antrenmanlar, sporcularda ayak ve ayak bileği bölgesinde çeşitli kas-iskelet sistemi patolojilerine neden olabilmekte, yaralanmayı takiben uzun süreli performans kayıpları görülebilmekte ve sporcuların kariyeri olumsuz etkilenebilmektedir. Artistik cimnastikçilerde ayak ve ayak bileğinde yaralanmaya yol açabilecek risk faktörlerinin tespiti ve bunların önlenmesine yönelik antrenman programının planlanması ve müdahale stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, artistik cimnastikçilerde ayak ve ayak bileği yaralanmalarını ve bunlara neden olabilecek risk faktörlerini incelemektir. Bu çalışma için PubMed ve Web of Science veri tabanları kullanılarak 2000-2022 yılları arasında “artistik cimnastik”, “cimnastikçilerde yaralanma”, “medial tibial stres sendromu”, “ayak-ayak bileği yaralanması”, “aşil tendon yaralanması” anahtar kelimeleri ile tüm İngilizce ve Türkçe çalışmalar tarandı, toplam 92 bilimsel çalışma incelendi.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Cimnastik, ayak, ayak bileği, spor yaralanması

A REVIEW ON FOOT AND ANKLE INJURIES IN ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS

Gymnastics is an Olympic sport with a high participation rate worldwide. International Gymnastics Federation defined 6 disciplines as artistic, rhythmic, trampoline, aerobics, and acrobatic gymnastics. Compared to other sports branches, more injuries are observed in artistic gymnastics, which is the most popular sub-discipline of gymnastics. Intensive training starting from an early age can cause various musculoskeletal pathologies in the foot and ankle region of the athletes, long-term performance losses can be seen following the injury and the career of the athletes can be adversely affected. It is necessary to determine the risk factors that may lead to foot and ankle injuries in artistic gymnasts, plan the training program, and develop intervention strategies to prevent them. The aim of this study is to examine foot and ankle injuries in artistic gymnasts and the risk factors that may cause them. For this study, a total of 92 articles which were published between 2000-2022 in databases Web of Science and PubMed regarding the sub-areas and keywords "artistic gymnastics", "injury in gymnasts", "medial tibial stress syndrome", "foot-ankle injury", and "achilles tendon injury" have been analyzed.

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