Yayılmacı yabancı böcek türleri ve önemi

Bu derlemede dünya biyolojik çeşitliliğinin en önemli konuları arasında yer alan yayılmacı yabancı böcek türleri üzerinde durulmaktadır. Özellikle 19. ve 20. yüzyıllarda artan ve günümüzde en üst düzeyine ulaşan ticaret, taşımacılık, turizm ve gezi amaçlı hareketliliklerin yayılmacı yabancı böcek türlerine etkisine ve bu faktörlerin bu türler açısından önemine dikkat çekilmektedir. Tütün beyazsineği [Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)], batı çiçek tripsi [Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande, 1895) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)], patates böceği [Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)], Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard, 1926) (Diptera: Agromyzidae), turunçgil yaprak galerigüvesi [(Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, 1856) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)] ve domates güvesi [(Tuta absoluta) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)] gibi türler Türkiye’ye bulaşan yabancı yayılmacı türlerdir. Yayılmacı yabancı böcek türlerinin yarattıkları olumsuzluklara gensel düzeyden ekosistem düzeyine kadar vurgu yapılarak diğer ülkelerde bu konuda atılan adımlar belirtildikten sonra, Türkiye açısından yapılması gerekenlerin neler olduğu vurgulanmaktadır.

Invasive alien insect species and their importance

This review puts emphasis on the matter of invasive alien insect species, which is accepted as one of the important subjects of biodiversity. In addition, it is emphasized that some factors affect invasive alien insect species and these factors can be listed as trade, transport, tourism and touristic mobility which increased in 19th and 20th centuries and reached the highest point lately. This study points out the effects and importance of these factors on these insect species. Some insect species namely silver leaf white fly [Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)], western flower thrips [Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande, 1895) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)], Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)], serpentine leaf miner [Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard, 1926) (Diptera: Agromyzidae)], citrus leafminer [(Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, 1856) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)] and tomato leafminer [(Tuta absoluta) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)] are important invasive alien species distributed in Turkey. The negativities created by this kind of invasive alien insect species are mentioned in this study and these negativities range from gen level to ecosystem level. Noting the steps taken by other countries concerning the negativities of invasive alien insect species, this study also discusses what kind of cautions or steps can be taken in Turkey on this issue.

Keywords:

Biological diversity, invasive alien insect specieS,

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