KRONİK BÖBREK YETMEZLİĞİNDE GÖZLENEN ORAL KOMPLİKASYONLAR

Kronik böbrek yetmezliği (KBY) , çeşitli etiyolojilere bağlı glomerüler filtrasyon oranında düşmeyle beraber böbrek fonksiyonlarında azalma ile karakterize bir hastalıktır. KBY insidansı her geçen gün artmakta ve önemli bir toplum sağlığı sorunu haline gelmektedir. Bu hastalık, multisistemik olup oral komplikasyonlara da yol açmaktadır. KBY’ ye yaklaşık % 90 oranında oral bulguların da eşlik ettiği saptanmıştır; en sık görülenleri oral mukoza solukluğu, ağız kuruluğu, tat almada bozulma, tükrük akış hızında bozulma, periodontal hastalık riskinde artma, gingival hiperplazi ve mine hipoplazisi olarak görülmüştür. Ayrıca bu hastaların yaşam kalitesi ve ağız bakımı oranı normal popülasyona göre daha düşük olduğu için de komplikasyon oranı artmaktadır. KBY hastalarının takiplerinde oral enfeksiyonlar hastalığın progresyonunu hızlandırabileceğinden dolayı bu hastaların takibinde rutin diş muayenesi için diş hekimlerine periyodik aralıklarla yönlendirme önem taşımaktadır. Renal transplant hazırlığı yapılan hastaların da perop komplikasyon riskini arttırmamak için öncesinde diş tedavilerinin tamamlanmış olması gerekir. Diş hekimine başvuran KBY hastaları için, diş tedavilerini etkileyecek komorbiditeler ve hastalığının progresyonunu değiştirebilecek tedaviler için mutlaka nefrolog görüşü alınması gereklidir. Sonuç olarak KBY hastalarının takibinde nefrolog ve diş hekiminin ekip halinde çalışması hastalığın progresyonu ve hastanın yaşam kalitesi için oldukça önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

kronik böbrek yetmezliği, oral komplikasyon, tedavi

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