İnsansız hava araçları destekli afet müdahalesi için bir karar destek modeli: AHP-TOPSIS metodu

Afete müdahalenin temel amacı, öncelikle yaşamları ve yaşam kaynaklarını güvence altına almaktır. Bunu başarmak için, politikayapıcıların afetten hemen sonra hızlı karar verebilmeleri, bu sebeple afet bölgesi hakkında doğru bilgiye ihtiyaçları vardır. Özelliklebüyük çaplı bir felakette, etkilenebilecek insan sayısı nedeniyle, daha hızlı bir şekilde cevap vermek çok daha önemlidir. Felaketinbelirsiz atmosferinde karar vericiler, Arama ve Kurtarma Görevi (AVK) ve hasar değerlendirmesi için felaket alanının anlık görüntülerinitoplamak için İHA'yı (İnsansız Hava AracıVehicles) kullanabilirler. Ayrıca acil durum birimleri ile komuta merkezi arasında bir iletişimaracı olarak kullanılabilmektedir. Bu makalede İHA'nın olası İstanbul depreminde kullanımı tartışılmaktadır. Olası bir İstanbuldepreminden sonra meydana gelebilecek zararlar göz önüne alındığında, 5 kriter belirlenmiş (ölebilecek insan sayısı, yaralanabilecekinsan sayısı, hasar görebilecek bina sayısı, hastane sayısı ve kritik tesisler), bu kriterler AHP (Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci) yöntemiyleağırlıklandırılmış ve TOPSIS yöntemi ile de bu ilçelerin önem sıralaması yapılmıştır. Bu sıralamanın yardımıyla, İstanbul depremimeydana geldiğinde, İHA'lara farklı bir görev verilmemişse, ilk olarak hangi bölgelerin AVK faaliyetinin yapılması gerektiğibelirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.

A decision support model for unmanned aerial vehicles assisteddisaster response using AHP-TOPSIS method

The main objective of disaster response is to secure lives and livelihoods at first. However, policymakers need accurate informationregarding disaster areas to make a quick decision right after the disaster. Especially at a large scale disaster, it is much more importantto respond to it quickly due to the number of affected people. In the uncertain atmosphere of the disaster, decision-makers can utilizeUAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) to gather instant images of the disaster area for Search and Rescue Mission (SAR) and damageassessment. Also, it will be used as a communication tool between emergency units and the command center. This paper discusses theusage of UAV in a possible İstanbul earthquake. Considering the damages that may occur after a possible Istanbul earthquake, fivecriteria have been determined. These criteria have been weighted within the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method, and the TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) method has prioritized the districts of Istanbul according to thesecriteria (number of casualties, number of injured people, number of damaged buildings, number of hospitals and number of criticalfacilities). With the help of this ranking, when the Istanbul earthquake occurs, if a different duty was not given to UAVs, it was tried tobe determined which districts should first look for the UAVs SAR mission.

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