Haşhaş Kapsülü Küspesinin Sabit Yataklı Reaktörde Katalitik Pirolizi

İnsanlık tarihinde teknoloji, bilim ve sanayinin gelişmesi ile enerji türlerinin kullanımının arttığı görülmüştür. Biyokütle enerjisiyenilenebilir ve bol bulunan enerji kaynaklarından bir tanesidir. Biyokütleden piroliz işlemi ile gaz, sıvı (bioyağ) ve katı ürünler (char)elde edilemektedir. Piroliz ürünü olan biyoyağ yakıt olarak değerlendirilebilmektedir. Bu doğtultu da yapılan bu çalışmada, biyokütleolarak seçilen haşhaş küspesinden piroliz yöntemi ile biyoyağ eldesinde katalizörün biyoyağ ürün verimine etkisi araştırılmıştır.Piroliz işlemleri sabit yataklı piroliz reaktöründe 500˚C sıcaklıkta, 10°C/dk ısıtma hızında, 1L/dk azot akış hızında ve farklı oranlarda$Na_2CO_3$ katalizörü kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan piroliz çalışmalarında %20 katalizör oranında en yüksek % 9,8 biyoyağverimi elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu biyoyağ FT-IR, GC-MS ve ısıl değer analizleri yapılarak karakterize edilmiştir. GC-MSsonuçları incelendiğinde biyoyağın alifatik, aromatik, keton, ester, fenol ve yağ asitleri gibi farklı fonksiyonel gruplara sahipbileşiklerden oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. FT-IR analizi GC-MS analiz sonuçlarını doğrulamıştır. Katalizör kullanımı biyoyağın ısıldeğerini artırmış ve 30,57 MJ/kg olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Catalytic Pyrolysis of Poppy Capsule Pulp in Fixed Bed Reactor

With the development of technology, science and industry in the history of humanity, it has been observed that the use of several energy types has increased. Gas, liquid (bio oil) and solid products (char) are obtained from pyrolysis process from biomass. Pyrolysis product is a good candidate for usage as fuel. In this study for this purpose, the pyrolysis of poppy capsule pulp for bio-oil production was conducted to investigate the effect of catalyst on liquid yield. Pyrolysis was carried out in a fixed bed pyrolysis reactor at a temperature of 500˚C, heating rate of 10 ° C / min, nitrogen flow rate of 1L / min and using different ratios of $Na_2CO_3$ as catalyst. In the pyrolysis studies, the highest oil yield,9.8 %, was obtained at the rate of 20 % catalyst. The obtained bio oil was characterized by FTIR, GC-MS and thermal value analysis. When the GC-MS results were examined, it was found that the bio oil was composed of compounds having different functional groups such as aliphatic, aromatic, ketone, ester, phenol and fatty acids. FT-IR analysis confirmed the GC-MS analysis results. The use of catalyst increased the thermal value of the bio oil and was determined to be 30.57 MJ / kg.

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