COVID-19 tanılı yaşlılara hastalık nereden ve nasıl bulaştı?

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı yaşlılara COVID-19’un nereden ve nasıl bulaştığını araştırmaktır. Yöntem: Kesitsel olarak yürütülen çalışmanın örneklemi Ankara Şehir Hastanesinde COVID-19 tanısı konan ve yaş ortalaması 66,98 ± 5,98 olan 164 yaşlı bireyden oluştu. Çalışma 25 Şubat- 29 Mart 2021 tarihinde acil servis COVID-19 biriminde yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan anket formuyla toplanan veriler Ki Kare testi ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmada asemptomatik ve pre-semptomatik bulaşma oranı %40,2 olarak bulundu. Ev içi bulaş oranı pozitif olan bir kişiyle temasta bulunan katılımcılar içerisinde %57,9 olarak bulundu (p˂0,05). Ev içi bulaşta en önemli kaynak kişi sırasıyla eş ve çocuk, ev dışı bulaşta ise sırasıyla komşu, arkadaş ve akrabaydı. Ev dışı bulaşta "Bu kişiyle son 14 gün içerisinde kaç gün beraber oldunuz?" sorusuna en yüksek oranda sırasıyla "2 gün" ve "1 gün" cevapları alındı (p˂0,05). "Sosyal mesafe?" sorusunda ise en yüksek oranda verilen cevap "1,5 metreden az mesafe" olarak gerçekleşti (p˂0,05). Bulaşmanın gerçekleştiği yer sorusuna "kendi evimde"; zaman sorusuna "1 saat"; kaç gün oldu sorusuna "3 gün oldu" cevapları en yüksek oranda alınan cevaplardı. Virüsün nereden bulaştığı kesin belli olmayan katılımcıların ise, son 14 gün içerisinde seyahate çıktığı, evde misafir ağırladığı, düğün, cenaze, pazar, cami ve hastaneye gittiği belirlendi. Öneriler: Okullarda, iş yerlerinde toplumun bir arada bulunduğu yerlerde rutin serolojik taramaların yapılması önerilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bulaşma, COVID-19, Yaşlı

Where and How Did the Disease Infect the Elderly Who Were Diagnosed with COVID-19?

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate where and how did the COVID-19 infected the elderly. Methods: The sample of the cross-sectional study consisted of 164 elderly individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in Ankara City Hospital with a mean age of 66.98 ± 5.98 years. The study was carried out by the face-to-face interview method in the COVID-19 emergency service unit between February 25th and March 29th, 2021. The data collected by the questionnaire form was prepared and then analyzed by the researchers with the Chi-Square test. Results: Asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic transmission rate was found to be 40,2% in the study. The rate of household transmission was found to be 57.9% for participants who had contact with a COVID-19 positive person (p˂0,05). While the most important source of transmission in the household was found to be the spouse and children, the source of transmission became the neighbors, friends and relatives respectively, regarding non-domestic places and areas. Concerning the question of "How many days have you been with this person in the last 14 days?"; answers of "2 days" and "1 day" were received at the highest rate, respectively (p˂0,05). Regarding the question of “social distance”; the highest rate of answer was "less than 1.5 meters" (p˂0,05). With regards to the question of where the transmission occurred; "in my own home"; to the question of the time; "1 hour"; to the question of how many days it has been, "It has been 3 days", were the answers received at the highest rate. It was determined that the participants, who were not sure where the virus was transmitted from, have traveled, hosted guests, went to weddings, funerals, markets, mosques and hospitals in the last 14 days. Suggestions: Routine serological screenings are recommended in schools, workplaces and in spaces and areas where the community gets together/gathers.

Keywords:

Aged, COVID-19, Transmission,

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