Karaerik Üzüm Çeşidinin Kış Gözlerindeki Soğuk Zararının Bağ ve Laboratuvar Koşullarında Belirlenmesi

Bu çalışmada asma kış gözlerinde meydana gelen düşük sıcaklık zararları, bağ (sürme testi) ve laboratuvar ortamında (kesit alma metodu) belirlenmiştir. Düşük sıcaklık zararının belirlenmesinde, laboratuvar şartlarında kesit alma yöntemi ile arazi koşullarında gerçek sürme arasında farklılık olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Çalışma Erzincan’ın Üzümlü ilçesinde Karaerik (Vitis vinifera L.) üzüm çeşidi ile tesis edilmiş bağda 2012, 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Bağdan alınan bir yaşlı dallar aynı gün içerisinde laboratuvara getirilmiş ve zarar düzeyinin tespit edilmesi için kesitler alınmıştır. Soğuk zararı hem 1-4 göz ortalamasına göre, hem de birinci, ikinci, üçüncü ve dördüncü boğumlarda ayrı ayrı değerlendirilmiştir. İlk 1-4 göz ortalamasının primer ve sekonder tomurcukların ölüm oranları ile nihai canlılığın belirlenmesi için tersiyer tomurcukların canlılık oranları belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında, primer ve sekonder tomurcukların ölüm oranları (%) ve tersiyer tomurcukların canlılık oranları (%) bağda budama sonrası bırakılan ilk 4 gözün primer, sekonder ve tersiyer tomurcuklarından çıkan sürgünler ilkbaharda sayılarak belirlenmiştir. Bağda primer tomurcukları süren gözlerin sekonder ve tersiyer tomurcuklarının da canlı olduğu kabul edilmiştir. Tomurcukların zarar düzeyinin belirlendiği çalışmada, kesit alma metodu ile sürme testi arasında primer tomurcuklarda %7.9 sekonder tomurcuklarda %14.56 ve tersiyer tomurcuklarda %0.1 oranında farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Primer tomurcukların ölüm oranı ve tersiyer tomurcukların canlılık oranları bakımından yöntemler arasında istatistik olarak önemli bir farklılığın olmadığı gözlenirken, sekonder tomurcukların ölüm oranları bakımından yöntemler arasındaki fark istatistik olarak önemli bulunmuştur.

Determination of Cold Damage in Vineyard and Laboratory Conditions in Dormant Buds of Karaerik Grape Cultivar

This study was conducted to detect cold damage in dormant buds of grapevine under vineyard (by shooting test)and laboratory (by sectioning method) conditions. In the determination of the low temperature damage, it has been investigatedwhether there is a difference between the method of sectioning in laboratory conditions and the real shooting level in the vineyardconditions. The study was carried out in the vineyard which was established with the Karaerik (Vitis vinifera L.) grape cultivar inthe Üzümlü district of Erzincan in 2012, 2013 and 2014. Samples of one-year-old canes from the vineyard was transported to thelaboratory on the same day and sections were taken to determine the damage level. Cold damage was assessed based on 1-4 budaverages. In addition, cold damage was evaluated separately in 1st, 2nd, 3rdand 4th nodes. The mortality rates of primary andsecondary buds for the first 1-4 buds average were determined and the vitality rates of tertiary buds were determined in order todetermine the ultimate vitality. At the second stage of study, the mortality rates (%) of primary and secondary buds and theviability rates (%) of tertiary buds were determined by counting in spring the shoots come from the primary, secondary, andtertiary buds of the first 4 buds that were left in pruning in vineyard. Secondary and tertiary buds were also considered alive if theprimary buds have sprouted in vineyard. In the study that determined the level of damage of the buds, it was found that thedifference between the sectioning method and the shooting test was 7.9% in primary buds, 14.56% in secondary buds, and 0.1%in tertiary buds. The mortality rates of primary buds and the viability rates of tertiary buds were found statistically insignificantdifferences between the methods, however the mortality rates of the secondary buds were found statistically significantdifferences between the methods.

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