Anusha LAKSHMAN, Vikas GOYA, Hosmar SHENOY

Ebola Virüsü

Bu hastalık ismini1976'dailk kezgörüldüğü Kongo Demokratik Cumhuriyetindeki bir köye yakın olarak konumlanmış Ebola Nehrinden alır. Bu hastalığa Filoviridae ailesine mensup bir virüsten sebep olmaktadır. Ebola salgını başladığı günden bu yana temelde Batı Afrika'da yerleşim gösteren dört ülkeyi; Gine, Liberya, Sierra Leone ve Nijerya'yı ilgilendiriyordu.Fakat hastalığın yayılması nedeniyle, 8 Ağustos 2014 tarihinde Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından Uluslararası Halk Sağlığı Acil Durumu olarak ilan edildi.13 Ağustos 2014 tarihine kadar bildirilen bu 4 ülkedeki 2,127 hastadan 1,145ínin yaşamlarının sonlandığı rapor edildi.Bu derleme Ebola virüsü için farkındalığın artmasına ve önleyici tedbirlerin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ebola virüsü, filovirüs, Batı Afrika

Ebola Virus

The disease Ebola takes its name from the Ebola River situated near a village in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where the disease first appeared in 1976. It is caused by a virus from the Filoviridae family. The present outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease concerns four countries in West Africa, namely Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone and Nigeriatill date. Further to widespread transmission of the disease, it has been declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organisation on 8 August 2014. 2,127 cases with 1,145 deaths in these 4 affected countries are reported till 13 august 2014. This review paper enlightens about the awareness of Ebola virus and its preventive measures.

Keywords:

Ebola virus, filovirus, West Africa,

PDF

___

Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Mulangu S, Masumu J, Kayembe JM, Kemp A, Paweska JT. Ebola virus outbreaks in Africa: past and present. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research. 2012;79:451-9.
Leroy EM., Rouquet P, Formenty P, Souquière S, Kilbourne A, Froment JM et al. Multiple Ebola virus transmission events and rapid decline of central African wildlife. Science. 2004;303:387–90.
Peters CJ, Johnson ED, McKee KT. Filoviruses and management of viral hemorrhagic fevers.. In Textbook of Human Virology (ed RB Belshe):699-712. St Louis, Mosby Year Book, 1991.
WHO, 1978a. Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Sudan. Report of a WHO/ International Study Team. Bull World Health Organ. 1976;56:247–70.
WHO, 1978b. Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Zaire. Bull World Health Organ. 1976;56:271–93.
Baron RC, McCormick JB, Zubeir OA. Ebola virus disease in southern Sudan: hospital dissemination and intrafamilial spread. Bull World Health Organ. 1983;61:997–1003.
Heymann DL, Weisfeld JS, Webb PA, Johnson KM, Cairns T, Berquist H. Ebola hemorrhagic fever: Tandala, Zaire, 1977–1978. J Infect Dis. 1980;142:372–6.
Le Guenno B, Formenty P, Wyers M, Gounon P, Walker F, Boesch C. Isolation and partial characterisation of a new strain of Ebola virus. Lancet. 1995;345:1271–4.
Amblard J, Obiang P, Edzang S, Prehaud C, Bouloy M, Le Guenno B. Identification of the Ebola virus in Gabon in 1994. Lancet. 1997;349:181–2.
Georges-Courbot MC, Lu CY, Lansoud-Soukate J, Leroy E, Baize S. Isolation and partial molecular characterisation of a strain of Ebola virus during a recent epidemic of viral haemorrhagic fever in Gabon. Lancet. 1997;349:181.
Leroy EM, Souquiere S, Rouquet P, Drevet D. Re-emergence of ebola haemorrhagic fever in Gabon. Lancet. 2002;359:712.
Formenty P, Leroy EM, Epelboin A, Libama F, Lenzi M, Sudeck H et al. Detection of Ebola virus in oral fluid specimens during outbreaks of Ebola virus hemorrhagic fever in the Republic of Congo. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:1521–6.
Nkoghe D, Kone ML, Yada A, Leroy E. A limited outbreak of Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Etoumbi, Republic of Congo. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2005;105:466–72.
Khan AS, Tshioko FK., Heymann DL, Le Guenno B, Nabeth P, Kerstiens B et al. The re-emergence of Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995. J Infect Dis. 1999;179:76– 86.
Leroy EM, Epelboin A, Mondonge V, Pourrut X, Gonzalez JP, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ et al. Human Ebola outbreak resulting from direct exposure to fruit bats in Luebo, Democratic Republic of Congo, 2007. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2009;9:723–8.
Lamunu M, Lutwama JJ, Kamugisha J, Opia A, Nambooze, J, Ndayimirije N et al. Containing a haemorrhagic fever epidemic: The Ebola experience in Uganda. Int J Infect Dis. 2004;8:27–37.
Towner JS, Sealy TK, Khristova ML, Albariño CG, Conlan S, Reeder SA et al. Newly discovered ebola virus associated with hemorrhagic fever outbreak in Uganda. PLoS Pathogens. 2008;4: e1000212.
WHO, 2011. Ebola in Uganda, Global Alert and Response. http://www.who.int/csr/don/2011_05_18/en/index.html.
Onyango CO, Opoka ML, Ksiazek TG, Formenty P, Ahmed A, Tujkei PM et al. Laboratory diagnosis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever during an outbreak in Yambio, Sudan, 2004. J Infect Dis. 2007;196:193– 8.
WHO Statement on the Meeting of the International Health Regulations Emergency Committee Regarding the 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa. WHO statement; 8 August 2014. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2014/ebola-20140808/en/.
Bausch DG, Schwarz L. Outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease in Guinea: Where Ecology Meets Economy. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014; 8:e3056.
Murphy FA, Simpson DIH, Whitefield SG, Zlotnik I, Carter GB. Marburg virus infection in monkeys. Lab Invest. 1971;24:279-91.
Geisbert TW, Jahrling PB, Hanes MA, Zack PM. Association of Ebola-related Reston virus particles and antigen with tissue lesions of monkeys imported to United States. J Comp Path. 1992;106:137-52.
Peters CJ, Sanchez A, Feldmann H, Rollin PE, Nichol S, Ksaizek TG. Filoviruses as emerging pathogens. Seminars in Virology. 1994;5:147-54.
WHO. “Frequently asked questions on Ebola virus disease”, 2014. (Retrieved 8 July 2014)
Bausch DG, Towner JS, Dowell SF, Kaducu F, Lukwiya M, Sanchez A et al. Assessment of the risk of Ebola virus transmission from bodily fluids and fomites. J Infect Dis. 2007;196:142–7.
Correspondence Address / Yazışma Adresi