Observations on the "Colonization" of Erythrae by "Minoans" and "Ionians"

Çeşme sınırları içindeki Ildırı köyünde yeralan Erythrae antik kenti hakkında iki farklı tarihte iki kuruluş öyküsü bulunmaktadır. Birincisi, kentin, Tunç Çağı'nda Girit Adası'ndan Erythros önderliğinde gelenler tarafından kuruluşunu içermektedir. İkincisi ise, İonia Göçleri olarak da isimlendirilen, oldukça tartışmalı, MÖ 2. binyılın sonlarında Yunanistan'dan Attika'dan gelenler tarafından yeniden kurulması mitidir. Geç dönem antik kaynaklarda aktarılan her iki kuruluş öyküsü de mitolojik özellikler taşımaktadır ve arkeolojik kanıtlara ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Erythrae antik kentinde ve hinterlandında son yıllarda başlayan yüzey araştırmaları ve kazılar bu konudaki verileri açığa çıkarmaya başlamıştır. Batı Anadolu arkeolojisi için özellikle MÖ 2. bin yıl boyunca Ege adaları ve Yunanistan ile ilişkisini ortaya koyacak bu kuruluş öykülerinin siyasal ve sosyal boyutları da bulunmaktadır. İonia kolonizasyonun gerçekliği bile tartışılırken, ideolojik ve sosyal ihtiyaçların bu tür olaylara etkisi önemlidir. Bu makale bu göçlerin arkeolojik, yazılı kaynaklar ve siyasal gelişmeler ışığında yeniden değerlendirilmesini hedeflemektedir.

[ERYTHRAE'DAKİ "MİNOS" ve "İONİA" "KOLONİZASYONU" ÜZERİNE GÖZLEMLER]

The foundation process of the ancient city of Erythrae, located within the present-day village of Ildırı belonging to the district of Çeşme in the İzmir province, is as yet obscure. The fact that archaeological surveys were not carried out until recently in the Erythraean hinterland, where settlement has been witnessed since the Chalcolithic Period, along with the lack of relevant finds have posed a serious obstacle to the discussion. However, current studies in this territory are likely to illuminate the archaeological problems concerning the Erythraean hinterland. With regard to the founding of the city are two primary issues: The first one involves the historical as well as mythological narratives about the original founders of Erythrae arriving from the island of Crete in the Bronze Age, which have yet to be verified through archaeological evidence. The other issue is the argument, mentioned by ancient authors in their works, that Erythrae was re-founded by Ionians arriving from the Attica region. While this argument, based on ancient literary tradition but lacking archaeological evidence, is widely accepted, it contains contradictions. Thus the city's founding is rendered controversial by the insufficiency of as well as discrepancies between textual and archaeological data. Moreover, certain ideological approaches were also involved in both antiquity and modern times, further complicating the matter.This article intends to focus and remark on the identity and foundation issues of Erythrae, which is commonly considered an "Ionian" city.

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