.This paper mainly aims the Protecting institutions of the orphans during the Ottoman Period. Atthe same time, in the introduction, we widely discussed the teachings of Islam on the family,especially the children. In this context we touched the place of orphans in the Pre-OttomansTurkish-Muslim societies. During the Ottoman period, the state and society made great efforts toprotect the orphans for bringing up them as good personalities in the daily life. In this paper, as faras the research environment gives opportunity, the theory and practices of the Ottomans forprotecting the orphans was given by using sources; and some times made some critics