Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan ve Tipik Gelişim Gösteren Çocukların ve Annelerinin Jest Kullanımlarının Karşılaştırılması

Bu araştırmada 11-72 ay aralığındaki otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan (OSB; 6 kız, 24 erkek) ve tipik gelişim gösteren (TGG; 13 kız, 17 erkek) çocukların ve annelerinin jest kullanım düzeyleri sosyal etkileşim (SE), ortak dikkat (OD), davranış düzenleme (DD) ve sergilenen tüm jestlerin toplamından elde edilen toplam (TPLM) jest kategorilerinde incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları, OSB’li çocukların tüm jest kategorilerinde daha düşük düzeyde jest sergileyerek TGG’li akranlarından farklılaştıklarını göstermiştir. OSB’li çocuğa sahip annelerin ise DD, SE ve TPLM jest kategorilerinde daha düşük düzeyde jest sergileyerek TGG’li çocuğa sahip annelerden anlamlı düzeyde farklılaştıkları belirlenmiştir. OSB’li ve TGG’li çocukların jest kullanım farklılıklarının, annelerinin jest kullanımlarından kaynaklanıp kaynaklanmadığı incelendiğinde, OSB’li ve TGG’li çocukların jest kullanımlarındaki puan farklılığının annelerinden bağımsız olduğu bulgulanmıştır. Annelerin jest kullanımındaki farklılığın, çocukların jest kullanımından kaynaklanıp kaynaklanmadığı incelendiğinde ise araştırma sonuçları, OSB’li annelerin SE ve TPLM jest kategorine ait puanlarında bulgulanan farklılığın kaynaklarından birinin çocukların jest kategorilerinden elde ettikleri puan farklılığı olduğunu göstermiştir. Araştırma bulguları tartışılmış ileri araştırmalara yönelik önerilere yer verilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

iletişim işlevleri, anne-çocuk etkileşimi, Otizm spektrum bozukluğu, jest, söz öncesi iletişim

A Comparison of the Gesture Use of Mothers and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Typically Developing Children

In this study, gesture use of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD, 6 girls, and 24 boys) and typically developing children (TD, 13 girls, and 17 boys) between the ages of 11-72 months, and their mothers were compared to each other in social interaction (SI), joint attention (JA), behavior regulation (BR), and sum of all (SUM) gesture categories. The findings of the study showed that gesture use of children with ASD was lower in all gesture categories when compared to TD peers. Mothers of children with ASD displayed significantly lower levels of gesture use than mothers of TD children in the BR, SI, and SUM categories. When gesture use differences of children with ASD and TD children were examined as to whether their mothers were using the gestures, the findings showed that the differences in gesture use of children with ASD and TD children were independent from their mothers. On the other hand, when gesture use differences of mothers of children with ASD and mothers of TD children were examined as to whether their children were using the gestures, the results of the study showed that one of the sources of the differences in the SE and SUM gesture category scores of the mothers with ASD was the differences in the scores obtained from the gesture categories of the children. Study findings were discussed and suggestions for future research were provided.

Keywords:

Autism spectrum disorders, gestures, mother-child interactions, communication functions, prelinguistic communication,

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