Arktik’de Ontolojik Güvenlik İnşa Etmek İçin Kanada'nın Öz- Anlatısı Olarak Yerli Halklar

Geleneksel güvenlik algısı çok-yönlü bir dönüşüm geçirmektedir. Güvenliğin kendisi yalnızca fiziksel olanla sınırlı kalmayıp, öz güvenliği de gerektirmektedir. Bu iddia ile ontolojik güvenlik teorisi, araştırmacıların öz-anlatılar aracılığıyla kimliksel değerleri güçlendiren devlet davranışlarını incelemesini mümkün kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kanada hükümetlerinin geleneksel güvenlik algısının Arktik devletleri ve yerli halklar ile olan ilişkilerini değerlendirmede sınırlı kaldığını, bu nedenle son yıllarda ilgili hükümetlerin yerli halkları öz-anlatılar olarak kurgulayarak Kanada’nın Arktik bölgesinde ontolojik güvenliğini sağladığını ortaya koymaktır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada geleneksel ulusal güvenlik yerine, Kanada’nın ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde devlet davranışının en iyi ontolojik güvenlik teorisi ile değerlendirilebileceğine değinilmektedir. Çalışmada, yerli halkların Kanada’nın ulusal kimliğinin önemli bir parçası olduğunu içeren raporların ve Kanada’nın Arktik Konseyi dönem başkanlığı süreçlerinde ele alınan deklarasyonların incelenmesiyle nitelikli döküman analizi yönteminden faydalanılmaktadır. Bu sayede çalışma, Kanada’nın önemli bir pozisyon elde etmek amacıyla yerli halklardan öz-anlatılar kurgulayarak Arktik bölgesinde ontolojik güvenliğini inşa ettiğine değinilerek nihayete erdirilmektedir.

Indigenous People as Self-Narratives of Canada For Building Ontological Security in the Arctic

The understanding of traditional security is undergoing a more multi-faceted transformation. Security itself is no more regarded as being limited to a physical presence, it requires a stable self as well. Claiming this, ontological security theory enables scholars to examine state behavior which strengthens identity values via self-narratives. This study aims to reveal that the traditional security perception of Canadian governments is limited in evaluating their relations with the Arctic states and indigenous people, therefore, in recent years, the relevant governments have provided Canadian ontological security in the Arctic region by constructing indigenous people as self-narratives. Therefore, in this paper, instead of traditional national security, it is mentioned that ontological security theory better articulates the state behavior of Canada both domestically and internationally. In the study, the qualified document analysis method is used by examining the reports that include the indigenous peoples as a significant part of Canada's national identity and the declarations announced at the ministerial meetings of the Arctic Council after the chairmanship of Canada. In this way, the study concludes by mentioning that Canada has built its ontological security by constructing self-narratives from indigenous peoples to have a robust position in the Arctic.

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