Toprağın ısısal yayınımının fonksiyonel değişimi ve toprak sıcaklığına etkisi

Toprak sıcaklığının izlenmesinde ısısal yayınım önemli bir parametredir. Bu çalışmada, ısısal yayınım katsayısının deneysel ve fonksiyonel ilişkilere göre elde edilen değerlerine bağlı olarak derinlik boyunca toprak sıcaklıkları belirlenmiş ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Samsun İli Bafra Meteoroloji İstasyonunun Mayıs-Temmuz 2012 aylarındaki ortalama günlük toprak sıcaklık değerleri için 5-10; 10-20; 20-50; 50-100 cm toprak katmanlarının ortalama ısısal yayınım katsayıları 3.65·10-6; 7.27·10-6; 12.82·10-6; 16.68·10-6 m2 sn-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Isısal yayınım ile toprak derinliği arasındaki ilişki doğrusal, eksponansiyel, üstel ve parabolik fonksiyonlar ile ifade edilmiştir. Isısal yayınıma ait deneysel (meteorolojik) veriler ile fonksiyonlardan hesaplanan değerler arasındaki ortalama nispi hatalar %7.79 ve %18.64 arasında değiştiği ve parabolik fonksiyonla yapılan hesaplamada nispi hatanın en düşük olduğu bulunmuştur. Fonksiyonlara bağlı olarak bulunan ısısal yayınım katsayılarına göre hesaplanan sıcaklık değerleri ile deneysel sıcaklık değerleri arasındaki nispi hatalar ise %2.50 ve %2.83 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Parabolik fonksiyon ile belirlenen ısısal yayınım katsayısının kullanılmasıyla hesaplanan toprak sıcaklık değerleri en düşük nispi hatayı vermiştir.

Functional changes of soil heat diffusivity and effect on soil temperature

Heat diffusivity is an important parameter for monitoring soil temperature. In this study, soil temperatures througout to soil depth were determined with respect to the heat diffusivity coefficient values measured and obtained with functionel relations, and compared eachother. Mean heat diffusivity values for 5-10; 10-20; 20-50; 50-100 cm soil layers were estimated as 3.65·10-6; 7.27·10-6; 12.82·10-6; 16.68·10-6 m2sn-1 according to mean daily soil temperature values of Bafra Meteorology Station in Samsun between May-July 2012, respectively. Relationships between heat diffusivity and soil depth were explained with linear, exponential, power and parabolic functions. Mean relative errors between heat diffusivity values estimated from experimental (meteorological) data and functions varied between 7.79% and 18.64%; and it was found that the relative error estimated using parabolic function was the lowest. Mean relative errors between experimental temperature values and temperature values estimated using heat diffusivity values of functions varied between 2.50% and 2.83%. The lowest relative error was found in soil temperatures estimated using the heat diffusivity values of parabolic function.

Keywords:

Functional relationships, heat diffusivity; meteorology; soil temperature,

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