The Preliminary Study on Effects of Pollinating Insects in Canola (Brassica napus L.) Production

Although canola (Brassica napus L.) plants are mainly self-pollinating, the cross pollination by insect increases yield. The study was carried out at Aegean Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Menemen/Izmir in 2016/2017 growing season. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block with three replications. The treatments consisted of caged with honeybee, caged with bombus, caged without bees and open pollination. 96% of the collected insects from open pollination plots were honeybees. It was determined that flowering period significantly shortened (5.8 days) in plots with bee compared with caged without bee, while seed number per pod (4.6), thousand seed weight (0.25 g), seed yield (1398 kg ha-1), oil yield (776 kg ha-1) and oil rate (1.24%) increased. Also, the contents of erucic acid and glucosinolate level resulted in an increase by pollinator visit. It was concluded that pollination by insect affected yield, yield components and composition of fatty acid in canola. The results of this preliminary study should be supported by the research findings from multi locations and years.

Kanola (Brassica napus L.) Üretiminde Tozlayıcı Böceklerin Etkisi Üzerine Bir Ön Çalışma

Kanola (Brassica napus L.) genellikle kendine döllenen bir bitki olmasına karşın yabancı döllenme verimi artırıcı etkide bulunmaktadır. Deneme Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Menemen/İzmir koşullarında 2016/2017 yetiştirme periyodunda yürütülmüştür. Deneme deseni olarak üç tekerrürlü Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Deseni kullanılmıştır. Bal arılı kafes, bombus içeren kafes, arısız kafes ve açık döllenme çalışmanın konularını oluşturmuştur. Açık döllenen parsellerden toplanan böceklerin %96’sının bal arıları olduğu saptanmıştır. Arısız parseller ile karşılaştırıldığında, tüm arılı parsellerde çiçeklenme periyodunun önemli düzeyde kısaldığı (5,8 gün) buna karşın bitkide harnupta tohum sayısı (4.6), 1000 tane ağırlığı (0,25 g) tohum verimi (1398 kg ha-1), yağ verimi (776 kg ha-1) ile yağ oranının (%1,24) arttığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, arı ziyaretleri ile birlikte erusik asit ve glukozinat miktarının arttığı saptanmıştır. Kanolada böceklerle olan döllenmenin verim, verim komponentleri ve yağ asitleri kompozisyonu üzerine etkili olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu ön çalışmanın farklı çevrelerde yürütülerek elde edilecek araştırma bulgularıyla desteklenmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır.

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