Aydın UZUN, Omer Faruk COSKUN, MEHMET YAMAN, HASAN PINAR, Kadir PARİS

Orta Anadolu'dan Selekte Edilen Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Genotipleri Arasındaki Genetik İlişkilerin SRAP Markırları ile Belirlenmesi

Juglans regia L., irilik, lezzet ve ince kabukluk gibi özellikleriyle dünyada meyvesi için yetiştirilenen önemli ceviz türüdür. Ceviz ıslahında kullanılan genetik materyalin ismine doğru olması vearalarındaki genetik ilişkilerin belirlenmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma Orta Anadolu'dayer alan Kayseri yöresinden seçilen 50 ceviz genotipi arasındaki genetik benzerliği ortaya çıkarmakamacı ile SRAP moleküler markır teknikleri kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Ceviz genotiplerinde DNAseviyesinde genetik çeşitliliği saptamak için 20 adet SRAP primer kombinasyonu kullanılmıştır.Toplam 130 adet bant elde edilmiş olup bunun 117 adedi polimorfik olarak belirlenmiştir. Cevizgenotipleri arasındaki genetik benzerlik düzeyleri 0.62-0.93 arasında değişmiştir. Genel olarakçalışmada kullanılan tüm genotipler birbirinden ayrılmıştır. 49 ve 50 nolu genotipler 0.93 benzerlikdüzeyi ile birbirine en yakın iki genotip olmuşlardır. Bu çalışma sonucunda oldukça yüksek orandatespit edilen polimorfizm oranı (% 90) ıslah çalışmaları için önem arz etmektedir.

Identification of Genetic Similarities among Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Genotypes Selected from Central Anatolia Region of Turkey with SRAP Markers

Juglans regia L. with large size, delicious and thin-shelled fruits is the most widely cultivated walnutspecies worldwide. The genetic material to be used in walnut breeding should be original and thegenetic relations among the genotypes should be well elucidated. The present study was conductedwith 50 walnut genotypes collected from Kayseri province of Central Anatolia to identify the geneticsimilarities among the genotypes with SRAP molecular marker techniques. To identify DNA-levelgenetic diversity in walnut genotypes, 20 SRAP primer combinations were used. A total of 130 bandswere obtained and 117 of them were polymorphic. Genetic similarity levels among walnut genotypesvaried between 0.62-0.93. In general, all genotypes separated from each other. The genotypes 49 and50 were the closest ones with a similarity level of 0.93. Quite high polymorphism ratio (90%) of thepresent study may provide significant outcomes for further breeding studies.

PDF

___

Akca, Y., 2005. Türkiye ceviz yetistiriciliğine genel bakis. http://www.ceviz.gen.tr/yazi1.htm, (in Turkish).
Akca, Y., 2009. Ceviz Yetiştiriciliği, Anı Matbaası, Ankara, 371s, (in Turkish).
Akcan, S., Kafkas, S., Sütyemez, M., Akca, Y., Eti, S., Türemiş N., 2008. Kaman Cevizlerinde Apomiksis Olasılığının Dişi Çiçeklerin İzolasyonu ve Moleküler Yöntemlerle Araştırılması. Alatarım 7 (1): 1-10.
Bakkalbasi, E., Yilmaz, Ö.M., Artık, N., 2010. Türkiye'de Yetiştirilen Yerli Bazı Ceviz Çeşitlerinin Fiziksel Özellikleri ve Kimyasal Bileşenleri. Akademik Gıda 8 (1): 6-12
Bayazit, S., Kazan, K., Gulbitti, S., Cevic, V., Ayanoglu, H., Ergul, A., 2007. AFLP analysis of genetic diversity in low chill requiring walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from Hatay, Turkey. Sci. Hortic. 111, 394-398.
Browicz, K., 1976. Juglandaceae. In: Rechinger, K.H. (Ed.), Flora Irinica, vol. 121.Akademische Druck-u Verlagsanstalt, pp. 1-5.
Calvo, P., Lozano, M., Espinosa-Mansilla, A., González-Gómez, D., 2012. In-vitro evaluation of the availability of ?-3 and ?-6 fatty acids and tocopherols from microencapsulated walnut oil. Food Research International, 48, 316-321.
Chen, L., Ma, Q., Chen, Y., Wang, B., PeI, D., 2014. Identification of major walnut cultivars grown in China based on nut phenotypes and SSR markers. Sci. Hortic. 168, 240-248.
Christopoulos, M.V., Rouskas, D., Tsantili, E., Bebeli, P.J., 2010. Germplasm diversity and genetic relationships among walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars and Greek local selections revealed by Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Scientia Horticulturae 125: 584-592.
Dogan, Y., Kafkas, S., Sutyemez, M., Akca, Y., Türemis¸, N., 2014. Assessment and characterization of genetic relationships of walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes by three types of molecular markers. Sci. Hortic. 168: 81-87.
Doyle, J.J., Doyle, J.L., 1990. Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue.Focus 12: 13-15.
Ebrahimi, A., Zarei, A., Lawson, S., Woeste, K.E., Smulders, M.J.M., 2016. Genetic diversity and genetic structure of Persian walnut (Juglans regia) accessions from 14 European, African, and Asian countries using SSR markers. Tree Genetics and Genomes,12:114 DOI 10.1007/s11295-016-1075-y.
FAO, 2014. Agriculture data [online], Available form: http://faostat.fao.org, Accessed on 26.12.2016. Fjellstrom, R.G., Parfitt, D.E., McGranahan, G.H., 1994. Genetic relationships and characterization of Persian walnut (J. regia L.) cultivars using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 119: 833-839
Gandev, S., 2007. Budding and grafting of the walnut (Juglans regia L.) and their effectiveness in Bulgaria (review). Bulgarian J. Agric. Sci. 13: 683-689
Homayoonfal, M., Khodaiyan, F., Mousavi, M., 2015. Modelling and optimising of physicochemical features of walnut-oil beverage emulsions by implementation of response surface methodology: Effect of preparation conditions on emulsion stability. Food Chemistry, 174: 649-659.
Ikhsan, A.S., Topcu, H., Sütyemez, M., Kafkas, S., 2016. Novel 307 polymorphic SSR markers from BAC-end sequences in walnut (Juglans regia L.): Effects of motif types and repeat lengths on polymorphism and genetic diversity. Scientia Horticulturae, 213:1-4.
Kafkas, S., Ozkan, H., Sutyemez, M., 2005. DNA polymorphism and assessment of genetic relationships in walnut genotypes based on AFLP and SAMPL markers. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 130: 585-590.
Khan, M.W., Khan, I.A., Ahmad, H., Ali, H., Ghafoor, S., Afzal, M., Khan, F.A., Afridi, S.G., 2010. Estimation of genetic diversity in walnut. Pak. J. Bot. 42(3): 1791-1796.
Mahmoodi, R., Rahmani, F., Rezaee, R., 2013. Genetic diversity among Juglans regia L. genotypes assessed by morphological traits and microsatellite markers. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 11 (2): 431-437.
Mantel, N., 1967. The detection of disease clustering and generalized regression approach. Cancer Res. 27: 209-220.
McGranahan, G.H., Leslie, C.A., 1990. Walnut (Juglans L.). In: Moore J.N, Ballington JR (eds) Genetic resources of fruit and nut crops, Acta Hort. 2: 907-951.
Mitrovic, M., Stanisavljevic, M.,Danjanov, J. G. 1997. Biochemical composition of fruits of some important walnut cultivars and selections. Acta Horticulturae 442: 205-207.
Nicese, F.P., Hormaza, J.I., McGranahan, G.H., 1998. Molecular characterization and genetic relatedness among walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes based on RAPD markers. Euphytica 101: 199-206.
Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Isabel, C.F.R., 2008. Total phenols. antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husks, Food Chem. Toxicol. doi: 10.1016/j, fct.2008.03.017.
Oruc, G., 2012. Kan portakallarının bazı çiçek tozu özelliklerinin incelenmesi ve Clementine × kan portakalı melezlerinin SRAP belirteçleri ile belirlenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 83s, (in Turkish).
Peakall R., Smouse P E., 2012. GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research - an update. Bioinformatics, 28: 2537-2539.
Potter, D., Gao, F., Aiello, G., Leslie, C., McGranahan, G., 2002. Inter-simple sequence repeat markers for fingerprinting and determining genetic relationships of walnut (Juglans regia) cultivars. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 127: 75-81.
Robarts, D.W., Wolfe, A.D., 2014. Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers: a potential resource for studies in plant molecular biology. Applications in Plant Sciences 2014 2 (7): 1400017; http://www.bioone.org/loi/app. Rohlf, F.J., 2004. NTSYS-pc numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system. Version 2.11V. Exeter software, Setauket, New York.
Shah, U.N., Mir, J.I., Ahmed, N., Fazili, K.M., 2016. Assessment of germplasm diversity and genetic relationships among walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes through microsatellite markers. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2016.07.005.
Smith, J.S.C., Chin, E.C.L., Shu, H., Smith, O.S., Wall, S.J., Senior, M.L., Mitchel, S.E., Kresorich, S., Tiegle, J., 1997. An evaluation of the utility of SSR loci as molecular markers in maize (Zea mays L.): Comparisons with data from RFLPs and pedigree. Theor. Appl. Genet. 95:163-173.
Taha, N.A., Al-wadaan, M.A., 2011. Utility and importance of walnut, Juglans regia Linn: a review. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 5: 5796-5805.
Uzun A., Yesiloglu T., Aka-Kacar Y., Tuzcu O., Gulsen O., 2009. Genetic diversity and relationships within Citrus and related genera based on sequence related amplified polymorphism markers (SRAPs). Sci Hort, 121: 306-312.
Wünsch, A., Hormoza, J.I., 2002. Cultivar identification and genetic fingerprinting of temperate fruit tree species using DNA markers. Euphytica 125: 59-67.