Yolsuzluğun Nedenleri Üzerine Ampirik Bir Çalışma

Bu çalışma, 1982-1995 yılları arasında 44 ülkede yolsuzluk düzeyini belirleyen faktörleri tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yolsuzluğu belirlediği düşünülen faktörler kanun hakimiyeti, bürokratik kalite, genel devlet harcamalarının gayrisafi yurtiçi hasıla içindeki payı, kentsel nüfus artış hızı, ekonomik büyüme oranı, ücret ve maaşların toplam kamu harcamaları içindeki payı ve enflâsyon oranı olarak seçilmiştir. Yolsuzluk düzeyi ile adı geçen değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin tespit edilebilmesi amacıyla 'Rassal Etkiler Sıralı Probit Modeli' kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak söz konusu faktörlerden, kanun hakimiyeti, bürokratik kalite, genel devlet harcamalarının gayrisafi yurtiçi hasıla içindeki payı ve kentsel nüfus artış hızının yolsuzluk düzeyini belirlemede istatistiksel anlamlılığa sahip olduğu ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Kanun hakimiyeti, bürokratik kalite ve kamu harcamaları artarken, yolsuzluk düzeyinin azaldığı bununla birlikte kentsel nüfus artış hızı artarken, yolsuzluğun arttığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

An Empirical Investigation on the Determinants of Corruption

The aim of this study is to investigate the factors that determine the level of corruption in 44 countries in the period 1982-1995. The variables that are considered to determine the level of corruption are as follows: Rule of law, bureaucratic quality, government expenditure as a share of gross domestic product, urban population growth rate, share of wages and salaries in total government expenditures and inflation. In order to analyze the relationship between corruption and independent variables that are mentioned above, we used 'Random Effect Ordered Probit Model'. As a result among these factors rule of law, bureaucratic quality, government expenditure as a share of gross domestic product and urban population growth rate were found to be statistically significant determinants of corruption. In this respect, corruption is influenced by the rule of law, bureaucratic quality and government expenditure as a share of gross domestic product positively, while it is influenced by urban population growth negatively.

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