AVRUPA KOMŞULUK POLİTİKASI: AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ’NİN DOĞU KOMŞULARIYLA İLİŞKİLERİ

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2004 yılında uygulamaya konulan Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası kapsamında Avrupa Birliği’nin Doğu Komşuları ile olan ilişkilerini incelemektir. Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası’nın ana amacı; çevre ülkelerde istikrarın sağlanması ile demokratik dönüşüme ve ekonomik kalkınmaya katkı sağlamaktır. Avrupa Birliği, politikaya işlevlik kazandırmak ve Doğu komşularıyla işbirliğini geliştirmek amacıyla 2009 yılında Doğu Ortaklığı girişimini oluşturmuştur. Bu girişim, ortaklar arasındaki ekonomik ve siyasi işbirliğini derinleştirmesi açısından dönüm noktası olmuştur. Çalışmada Doğu Ortaklığı girişiminde yer alan Beyaz Rusya, Ukrayna, Moldova, Gürcistan, Ermenistan ve Azerbaycan ülkeleri gelir seviyelerine göre kategorize edilerek incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, bu ülkelerin, liberal ekonomik unsurların ülkelerde ne ölçüde uygulandığını tespit eden ekonomik özgürlük endeksi ile Dünya Bankası tarafından yayınlanan yönetişim kalitesi açısından durum analizleri yapılmıştır. Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası çerçevesinde şekillenen ilişkiler değerlendirildiğinde; Avrupa Birliği’nin Moldova, Ukrayna ve Gürcistan ile yoğun ekonomik ilişkiler kurduğu, diğer ülkelerle kıyaslandığında Gürcistan’ın hem ekonomik özgürlük hem de yönetişim kalitesi açısından daha iyi bir konumda olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası, Doğu Ortaklığı, Serbest Ticaret Anlaşması, Ekonomik Özgürlük

THE EUROPEAN NEIGHBORHOOD POLICY: EUROPEAN UNION’S RELATIONS WITH ITS EASTERN NEIGHBORS

The aim of the study is to examine the relations of European Union with its Eastern Neighbors from the perspective of the European Neighborhood Policy launched in 2004. The main goal of the European Neighborhood Policy is to contribute to the democratic transformation and economic development of neighboring countries by providing stability. European Union started the Eastern Partnership initiative in 2009 in order to ensure effective function and to improve the cooperation with its Eastern neighbors. This intiative can be considered as a milestone in terms of economic and political cooperation between the partners. In this study, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan, which take part in the Eastern Partnership initiative, were analyzed according to their income levels. Besides, situation analyzes of these countries were made in terms of governance quality issued by the World Bank and economic freedom index that determines the extent to which liberal economic elements are applied in the countries. When the relations formed within the framework of the European Neighborhood Policy were evaluated;it was concluded that European Union established intense economic relations with Moldova, Ukraine and Georgia had a beter position in terms of both economic freedom and governance quality compared to other countries.

Keywords:

European Neighborhood Policy, Eastern Partnership, Free Trade Agreement, Economic Freedom,

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