Jelatin Bazlı Yenilebilir Film ve Kaplamalar

Gıdalar üretimden tüketime kadar pek çok farklı şekilde kalite kaybına uğramaktadır. Bu nedenle; depolama, nakliyeve pazarlama süresince gıdaların duyusal özellikleri ve besin değeri korunurken söz konusu kalite kayıplarınınönlenmesi esastır. Son zamanlarda, yenilebilir film ve kaplamalar alternatif bir ambalaj yöntemi olarak önemkazanmıştır. Yenilebilir film ve kaplamalar; özellikle tüketime hazır, pişmeye hazır ya da ön pişirme uygulanmış parça,derisiz veya kabuksuz gıdalarda, gıda ile asıl ambalaj materyali arasında ikincil bir kaplama olarak kullanılabilir.Yenilebilir film ve kaplamalar; antioksidanlar, antimikrobiyeller, renk ve tat bileşenleri gibi fonksiyonel bileşenlerintaşınmasında önemli bir rol oynayabilir. Yenilebilir film ve kaplamaların üretiminde pek çok doğal biyopolimerkullanılabilmektedir. Bu biyopolimerlerden biri olan jelatin; kolay bulunması, nispeten ucuz olması, çok fonksiyonluolması, gıdalarla uyumlu olması, kolay kullanımı ve genel olarak güvenli kabul edilmesi nedeniyle bazı avantajlarsunmaktadır. Bu derlemede, son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar ışığında jelatin bazlı yenilebilir film ve kaplamalarınüretimi, uygulamaları, formülasyonları, kullanılan bileşenler, mekanik kuvvet, geçirgenlik ve fonksiyonel özelliklerideğerlendirilmiştir.

Gelatin Based Edible Films and Coatings

Foods may undergo quality loss in many different ways from production to consumption. Therefore, it is essential to prevent quality loss while preserving sensory characteristics and nutritional value of foods during storage, transportation and marketing. Edible films and coatings have recently gained interest as an alternative way of packaging. They can be used especially for ready to eat, ready to cook or precooked portioned, skinned or peeled food pieces as a secondary covering layer between the food and the primary packaging. Edible films and coatings can also play an important role in carrying multifunctional ingredients like antioxidants, antimicrobials, coloring and flavoring agents. Many natural biopolymers can be used in manufacturing of edible films and coatings. Gelatin, as one of those biopolymers, brings some advantages as it is readily available, relatively cheap, multifunctional, compatible, easy to use and generally recognized as safe. In this review, recent studies on gelatin based edible films and coatings, their production, applications, formulations, ingredients, mechanical strength, barrier and functional properties are reviewed.

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