Firuze ERGİN, Oğuz GÜRSOY, Ayhan ORAL, Ahmet KÜÇÜKÇETİN

Elektropüskürtme Yönteminin Probiyotik Mikroorganizmaların Mikrokapsülasyonunda Kullanımı

Probiyotik bir üründen beklenen faydaların sağlanabilmesi için ürünün raf ömrü sonuna kadar en az 108-109 kob/g düzeyinde canlı probiyotik mikroorganizma bulundurması gerekmektedir. Probiyotik mikroorganizmaları olumsuz koşullara karşı korumak amacıyla çok sayıda yöntem geliştirilmiştir. Konu ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalar, probiyotik mikroorganizmaların canlılığını korumada en etkili yöntemlerden birinin mikrokapsülasyon olduğunu göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, mikrokapsülasyon işlemi sırasında probiyotik mikroorganizmalar yüksek sıcaklık, dehidrasyon, yüksek osmolarite gibi olumsuz koşullara maruz kalabilmektedir. Elektrohidrodinamik atomizasyon yani elektroeğirme ve elektropüskürtme yöntemleri kullanılarak söz konusu olumsuz koşulların üstesinden gelinebilmektedir. Son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalarda; yüksek voltaj altında kapsüller (elektropüskürtme) veya lifler (elektroeğirme) üretilmesini sağlayan elektrohidrodinamik atomizasyon tekniğinin, probiyotik mikroorganizmaların canlılıklarının korunması açısından diğer mikrokapsülasyon yöntemlerine alternatif olabileceği belirtilmiştir. Bu derlemede, elektrohidrodinamik atomizasyon tekniğinin temelleri ve elektropüskürtme yönteminin probiyotik mikroorganizmaların mikrokapsülasyonunda kullanım olanakları ile ilgili bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Use of Electrospray Technique in Microencapsulation of Probiotic Microorganisms

To provide the expected benefits of probiotic products, a product must contain 108-109 cfu/g of viable probiotic microorganism until end of the shelf life. Numerous methods have been developed to protect probiotic microorganisms against adverse conditions. Studies on the issue show that microencapsulation is one of the most efficient methods for protecting the viability of probiotic microorganisms. However, probiotic microorganisms are exposed adverse conditions such as high temperature, dehydration, high osmolarity etc. during the microencapsulation process. These adverse conditions can be overcome in many cases by using electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA), either electrospinning or electrospraying. Recent studies have reported that the electrohydrodynamic atomization technique, which generates the production of capsules (electrospray) or fibers (electrospining) under high voltage, can be an alternative to other microencapsulation methods in terms of protecting the viability of probiotic microorganisms. In this review, it is aimed to give information about the basics of electrohydrodynamic atomization technique and the possibilities of using electrospray method in microencapsulation of probiotic microorganisms.

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