Tedarikçi Risk Değerlendirmesi Üzerine Örnek Bir Uygulama

Küresel rekabette firmaların ayakta kalabilmesi için tedarik zinciri yönetimi önemli bir faktör olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ürünler, son hallerini alarak tüketiciye ulaşırken zincirdeki pek çok firmaya temas ederler. Bu durum değer artırıcı ve maliyet düşürücü faydalar sağlamakta olsa da zincir üzerindeki firmaların birbirine olan bağımlılıklarını artırarak çeşitli risklerin ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktadır. Firmaların rekabette başarı sağlayabilmesi için kendi iç risklerinin yanında tedarikçilerinin risklerini belirlemesi, yönetmesi ve gerektiğinde belirlenen risklerden kaçınabilmesi gerekmektedir. Araştırma, literatürdeki diğer tedarikçi riski değerlendirmelerinden yola çıkarak geliştirilmiş ve daha kolay uygulanabilir bir metot ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Buradan yola çıkılarak risk etmenlerinin ve geliştirilmiş uygulamaların belirlenebilmesi için literatürdeki benzer çalışmalar taranmıştır. Uygulama kolaylığı nedeni ile temel risk gruplarının ağırlıklandırılmasında Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) prosesi kullanılırken, tedarikçi performansı belirlenmesi için de değerlendirme formu oluşturulmuştur. Geliştirilen uygulama Aydın İl sınırları içerisinde faaliyet göstermekte olan bir firmaya uygulanmıştır. Uygulamanın gerçekleştirildiği firmada en önemli risk kriteri “Lojistik Riski” olarak çıkarken, şirket için en riskli tedarikçi ve ürün de ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırma, Blackhurst vd. (2008) çalışmasının -kendilerinin de belirttiği yönde- risk ağırlıkları belirleme yönteminin geliştirilmesi ile akademik yazına katkı sağlamayı amaçlamıştır. Aynı zamanda tedarikçilerinin performansı ve riskleri hakkında elinde yeterli veri bulunmayan organizasyon yöneticileri için kolay uygulanabilir bir metot geliştirilmesi çalışmanın bir diğer hedefi olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Tedarik Zinciri Risk Yönetimi, Tedarikçi Risk Değerlendirmesi, Tedarikçi Performansı

Development Of Supplier Risk Assessment Method and an Example Implementation

Supply chain management emerges as an important factor for companies to survive in global competition. Each element in the supply chain works interdependently for services or products to be delivered to the end consumer. Although interdependence provides value-adding and cost-reducing benefits, it can lead to various risks in the chain. In order to companies to be successful in competition, they need to identify and manage the risks of their suppliers, as well as their own internal risks, and mitigate from the identified risks when necessary. This study was developed based on other supplier risk assessments in the literature and aimed to present a more easily applicable method. Based on this, similar studies in the literature have been searched to determine the risk factors and developed applications. Due to its ease of application, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) process was used for weighting the basic risk groups. In addition, an evaluation form was created to determine supplier performance. The method developed has been applied to a company operating in Aydın Province and the results have been represented. This research aimed to contribute to the academic literature by improving and applying Blackhurst et.al. (2008) study as they suggested for implementing different application for risk weighting technique. At the same time, developing an easily applicable method for organization managers who do not have sufficient data on the performance and risks of their suppliers has been another goal of the study.

Keywords:

: Supply Chain Risk Management, Supplier Risk Evaluation, Supplier Performance,

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