Özlem İMAMOĞLU, Mustafa KARAPİRLİ, Nur AKBOYUN

Diş örneklerinden DNA elde edilme metotlarının karşılaştırılması ve adli bilimler açısından değerlendirilmesi

Dişlerden genetik materyalin ekstraksiyonu özellikle adli araştırmalarda DNA analizlerinin önemli bir parçasıdır. Dişler insan vücudunun en sert yapısı olması, nem, yüksek ısı ve mikrobiyal olaylar gibi sert çevre koşullarına karşı dayanıklı olması nedeni ile adli olaylarda yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Dişlerden DNA ekstraksiyonunda birçok yöntem olmasına karşın, son zamanlarda dişin tamamen öğütülerek kullanıldığı metotlar yerine dişleri koruyucu metotlar önem kazanmaya başlamıştır, bu şekilde arkeolojik ipuçları ve müze örnekleri de korunmuş olacaktır. Dişlerde koruyucu metotların kullanılmasının avantajı nispeten düşük maliyetli olması ve adli araştırmalarda dişin bütünlüğünün korunmasıdır. Bu derlemede Ters Kök Kanal Metodu, Doğru Kanal metodu, Kemik Tozu Hazırlama Metodu’nun ve bazı diğer metotların avantaj ve dezavantajları açıklanmaya çalışılmış, adli bilimler açısından önemi hakkında değerlendirmelere yer verilmiştir.

Comparision of DNA extraction methods from teeth samples and evaluation in terms of forensic sciences

The extraction of genetic material from teeth is an essential part of DNA analysis especially in orensic investigations. Teeth are widely used in forensic cases because they are the hardest structures of the human body that is resistant to adverse conditions such as humidity, high temperature and the microbial action. There are currently many DNA extraction methods from teeth, however, more conservative methods are gaining importance recently rather than grinding the whole tooth because the tooth samples of archaeological evidence or museum samples have to be preserved. The advantages of conservative technique are its simplicity, relatively low cost and preservation of the tooth integrity which can be considered in forensic investigations. In this report we aimed to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of Retrograde Reverse Root Canal Technique, Orthograde Entrance Technique, Bone Mill Preparition Technique (Traditional) and some other methods. Besides assessments on their importance in terms of forensic science are given.

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