Kuraklık Stresi Altındaki Biberiyenin (Rosmarinus officinalis) Uçucu Yağ Bileşenlerinin Zamana Bağlı Olarak Değişimi Üzerine Bir Çalışma
Bu çalışma ile birlikte, kuraklık stresi altındaki biberiyenin (Rosmarinus officinalis) uçucu yağ profilinde meydana gelen değişimler araştırılmıştır. Biberiye yaprağı örnekleri üç ardışık gün içerisinde toplanmış ve daha sonra kuraklık stresine maruz bırakılan bitkiler iyileştirme amaçlı sulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak GC-MS Headspace sistemi ile yapılan analize göre 26 bileşen belirlenmiştir. a-pinen, kamfen, β-pinen, βmyrcene, p-cymene, D-limonen, okaliptol ve kafur, tanımlanan bileşiklerin % 84, 874'ünü temsil eden ana bileşenler olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu bileşiklerin a-pinen, βmyrcene ve kafur yüzdesi kuraklıkla artmış, ancak β-pinen yüzdesi azalmıştır. Ayrıca, Zayıflatılmış Toplam Yansıma Fourier Dönüşümü Kızılötesi spektroskopisi kullanılarak biberiye yapraklarındaki lipit, amit ve karbonhidrat bölgelerinde meydana gelen değişimler de incelenmiştir. Lipitlere, amitlere ve karbonhidratlara karşılık gelen 2920 ila 2852, 1727 ila 1687 ve 1452 ila 1035 cm-1 bant yoğunluklarının sırasıyla CRD1, CRD2, CRD3, CD3, SD3, SRD1'de daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tüm deney grupları dikkate alındığında, kontrol grubunda lipit, amit ve karbonhidrat bant yoğunluklarının kısmen daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. Deney gruplarının ayrımı için varyans analizi, kümeleme analizi ve temel bileşen analizi yapılmıştır. Kuraklık ve sulanan (kontrol grubu) gruplar, ayırt edici istatistiksel araçlar kullanılarak doğru bir şekilde ayırt edilmiş ve doğrulanmıştır. Ayrıca değişen çevresel koşullara yanıt olarak metabolitlerin olası rolü ortaya konulmuştur.
A Time-Course Study on Essential Oil of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Under Drought Stress
Along with the present study, the changes in essential oil profile of rosemary(Rosmarinus officinalis) under drought stress were investigated. The leaf samples ofrosemary were collected on three consecutive days and then the drought stressed groupswere irrigated as recovery stage. Accordingly, 26 compounds were identified using gaschromatographycoupled with headspace system. Of the compounds, α-pinene,camphene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, p-cymene, D-limonene, eucalyptol, and camphor areof the major compounds, representing the 84.874 % of the identified compounds. Ofthose compounds, α-pinene, β-myrcene, and camphor percentage increased with thedrought but the percentage of β-pinene decreased. Moreover, the changes in lipid, amideand carbohydrate regions for the samples were examined using Attenuated TotalReflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. The intensities: 2920 to 2852,1727 to 1687 and 1452 to 1035 cm-1bands corresponding to the lipids, amides, andcarbohydrates, respectively were higher in CRD1, CRD2, CRD3, CD3, SD3, SRD1.Considered all experimental groups, the intensities were partially higher in controlgroup. For the discrimination of the experimental groups, variance analysis, clusteringanalysis, and principal component analysis were performed. Drought and well-watered(control) groups were clearly discriminated and confirmed using differential statisticaltools, suggesting the plausible role of metabolites in response to the changingenvironmental conditions.
___
- Hamrouni, I., Salah, H. B., Marzouk, B., Effects of water-deficit on lipids of
safflower aerial parts, Phytochem., 58, 277–80, 2001.
- Laribi, B., Bettaieb, I., Kouki, K., Sahli, A., Mougou, A., Marzouk, B., Water
deficit effects on caraway (Carum carvi L.) growth, essential oil and fatty acid
composition, Ind Crops Prod., 30, 372–379, 2009.
- Sangwan, N. S., Farooqi, A. H. A., Shabih, F., Sangwan, R.S., Regulation of
essential oil production in plants, Plant Growth Regul., 34, 3–21, 2001.
- Kleinwächter, M., Paulsen, J., Bloem, E., Schnug, E., Selmar, D., Moderate
drought and signal transducer induced biosynthesis of relevant secondary metabolites
in thyme (Thymus vulgaris), greater celandine (Chelidonium majus) and parsley
(Petroselinum crispum), Ind Crops Prod., 64, 158–166, 2015.
- Szabó, K., Radácsi, P., Rajhárt, P., Ladányi, M., Németh, É., Stress-induced
changes of growth, yield and bioactive compounds in lemon balm cultivars, Plant
Physiol Biochem., 119, 170–177, 2017.
- Laribi, B., Kouki, K., Sahli, A., Mougou, A., Marzouk, B., Essential oil and
fatty acid composition of a Tunisian caraway (Carum carvi L.) seed ecotype cultivated
under water deficit, Adv. Environ. Biol., 257–265, 2011.
- Bettaieb, I., Knioua, S., Hamrouni, I., Limam, F., Marzouk, B., Water-deficit
impact on fatty acid and essential oil composition and antioxidant activities of cumin
(Cuminum cyminum L.) aerial parts, J Agric Food Chem., 59, 328–334, 2011.
- Baghalian, K., Abdoshah, S., Khalighi-Sigaroodi, F., Paknejad, F.,
Physiological and phytochemical response to drought stress of German chamomile
(Matricaria recutita L.), Plant Physiol Biochem., 49, 201–207, 2011.
- Khorasaninejad, S., Mousavi, A., Soltanloo, H., Hemmati, K., Khalighi, A.,
The effect of drought stress on growth parameters, essential oil yield and constituent of
Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). J. Med. Plants Res., 5, 5360–5365, 2011.
- Corell, M., Garcia, M. C., Contreras, J. I., Segura, M. L., Cermeño, P., Effect
of Water Stress on Salvia officinalis L. Bioproductivity and Its Bioelement
Concentrations, Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal., 43, 419–425, 2012.
- Bettaib-Rebey, I. B., Jabri-Karoui, I., Hamrouni-Sellami, I., Bourgou, S.,
Limam, F., Marzouk, B., Effect of drought on the biochemical composition and
antioxidant activities of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seeds, Ind Crops Prod., 36(1),
238–245, 2012.
- Farhoudi, R., Effect of drought stress on growth, physiology and flower
essential oil yield of Iranian chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) in south of Iran, Res
Crop., 13, 694–699, 2012.
- Bahreininejad, B., Razmjoo, J., Mirza, M., Influence of water stress on
morphophysiological and phytochemical traits in Thymus daenensis. Int J Plant Pro., 7,
151–166, 2013.
- Yadav, R. K., Sangwan, R. S., Sabir, F., Srivastava, A. K., Sangwan, N. S.,
Effect of prolonged water stress on specialized secondary metabolites, peltate glandular
trichomes, and pathway gene expression in Artemisia annua L., Plant Physiol
Biochem., 74, 70–83, 2014.
- Bahreininejad, B., Razmjoo, J., Mirza, M., Effect of water stress on
productivity and essential oil content and composition of Thymus carmanicus, J Essent
Oil Bear Pl., 17, 717–725, 2014.
- Farhoudi, R., Lee, D. J., Hussain, M., Mild drought improves growth and
flower oil productivity of German chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.), J Essent Oil Bear
Pl., 17, 26–31, 2014.
- Alinian, S., Razmjoo, J., Phenological, yield, essential oil yield and oil
content of cumin accessions as affected by irrigation regimes, Ind Crops Prod., 54, 167–
174, 2014.
- Miguel, M. G., Guerrero, C., Rodrigues, H., Brito, J., International
Conference on Energy, Environment, Ecosystems and Sustainable Development, Agios
Nikolaos, Greece, 24–26, 2007.
- Chahboun, N., Esmail, A., Rhaiem, N., Abed, H., Amiyare, R., Barrahi, M.,
... & Ouhssine, M., Extraction and study of the essential oil Rosmarinus officinalis
cuellie in the region of Taza, Morocco, Der Pharma Chem., 6(3), 367–372, 2014.
- Zaouali, Y., Messaoud, C., Ben Salah, A., Boussaid M., Oil composition
variability among populations in relationship with their ecological areas in Tunisian
Rosmarinus officinalis L., Flavour Fragrance J., 20 (5), 512–520, 2005.
- Szumny, A., Figiel, A., Gutiérrez-Ortíz, A., Carbonell-Barrachina, Á. A.,
Composition of rosemary essential oil (Rosmarinus officinalis) as affected by drying
method, J Food Eng., 97(2), 253–260, 2010.
- Farhoudi, R., Effect of drought stress on chemical constituents,
photosynthesis and antioxidant properties of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil,
Journal of Medicinal Plants and By-Products, 2(1), 17–22, 2013.
- Ogbaga, C. C., Miller, M. A., Johnson, G. N., Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopic analysis of maize (Zea mays) subjected to progressive drought reveals
involvement of lipids, amides and carbohydrates, Afr J Biotechnol., 16(18), 1061–1066,
2017.
- Amir, R. M., Anjum, F. M., Khan, M. I., Khan, M. R., Pasha, I., Nadeem,
M., Application of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for the identification
of wheat varieties, J. Food Sci. Technol., 50, 1018–1023, 2013.
- Kuhnen S., Ogliari, J. B., Dias, P. F., Boffo, E. F., Correia, I., Ferreira, A.
G., Delgadillo, I., Maraschin, M., ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometric analysis
applied to discrimination of landrace maize flours produced in southern Brazil, Int. J.
Food Sci., Technol., 45, 1673–1681, 2010.
- Yang, J., Yen, H. E., Early salt stress effects on the changes in chemical
composition in leaves of ice plant and Arabidopsis. A Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy study, Plant Physiol., 130(2), 1032–1042, 2002.
- Zhou, G., Taylor, G., Polle, A., FTIR-ATR-based prediction and modelling
of lignin and energy contents reveals independent intra-specific variation of these traits
in bioenergy poplars, Plant Methods, 7(1), 9, 2011.
- Baciu, A., Ranga, F., Fetea, F., Zavoi, S., Socaciu, C., Fingerprinting food
supplements and their botanical ingredients by coupled UV/Vis/FTIR spectrometry,
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca:
Food Science and Technology, 70(1), 8–15, 2013.
- Lakshmi, C. N. D. M., Raju, B. D. P., Madhavi, T., Sushma, N. J.,
Identification of bioactive compounds by FTIR analysis and in vitro antioxidant activity
of Clitoria ternatea leaf and flower extracts, Indo Am. J. Pharm., 3894–3903, 2014.
- Lakshmi, T., Ramasamy, R., Thirumalaikumaran, R. Preliminary
Phytochemical analysis and In vitro Antioxidant, FTIR Spectroscopy, Anti-diabetic
activity of Acacia catechu ethanolic seed extract, Pharmacogn Mag., 7(6), 356–362,
2015.
- Lan, F., Kong, D., Li, Y., Huang, R., Studies on the changes of protein
secondary structure and carbohydrate contents in seedling-stage of Abrus cantoniensis
hance in drought stress based on FTIR and chemometrics, Pak. J. Bot, 47(4), 1311–
1316, 2015.
- Santos-Gomes, P. C., Fernandes-Ferreira, M., Organ-and season-dependent
variation in the essential oil composition of Salvia officinalis L. cultivated at two
different sites, J. Agric. Food Chem., 49(6), 2908–2916, 2001.
- Taarit, M. B., Msaada, K., Hosni, K., Marzouk, B., Changes in fatty acid and
essential oil composition of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) leaves under NaCl stress, Food
Chem., 119(3), 951–956, 2010.
- Hassan, F. A. S., Bazaid, S., Ali, E. F. Effect of deficit irrigation on growth,
yield and volatile oil content on Rosmarinus officinalis L. plant, J. Med. Plant. Stud.,
1(3), 12–21, 2013.
- Tounekti, T., Vadel, A. M., Bedoui, A., Khemira, H., NaCl stress affects
growth and essential oil composition in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), Hortic
Sci Biotechnol., 83(2), 267–273, 2008.
- Langroudi, M. E., Sedaghathoor, S., Bidarigh, S., Effect of different salinity
levels on the composition of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) essential oils, Am. Eur.
J. Agric. Environ. Sci., 13, 68–71, 2013.
- Bettaieb, I., Zakhama, N., Wannes, W. A., Kchouk, M. E., Marzouk, B.,
Water deficit effects on Salvia officinalis fatty acids and essential oils composition, Sci
Hortic., 120(2), 271–275, 2009.
- Petropoulos, S. A., Daferera, D., Polissiou, M. G., Passam, H. C., The effect of
water deficit stress on the growth, yield and composition of essential oils of parsley, Sci
Hortic., 115(4), 393–397, 2008.
- Zali, A. G., Ehsanzadeh, P., Szumny, A., Matkowski, A., Genotype-specific
response of Foeniculum vulgare grain yield and essential oil composition to proline
treatment under different irrigation conditions, Ind Crops Prod., 124, 177–185, 2018.
- Baher, Z. F., Mirza, M., Ghorbanli, M., Bagher Rezaii, M., The influence of
water stress on plant height, herbal and essential oil yield and composition in Satureja
hortensis L., Flavour Fragr. J., 17(4), 275–277, 2002.
- Khalid, K. A., Influence of water stress on growth, essential oil, and chemical
composition of herbs (Ocimum sp.), Int. Agrophys., 20(4), 289–296, 2006.
- Razavizadeh, R., Komatsu, S., Changes in essential oil and physiological
parameters of callus and seedlings of Carum copticum L. under in vitro drought stress,
Food Meas Charact., 1–12, 2018.
- Toncer, O., Karaman, S., Kizil, S., Diraz, E., Changes in essential oil
composition of oregano (Origanum onites L.) due to diurnal variations at different
development stages, Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 37(2), 177–
181, 2009.
- Cetinkaya, H., Kulak, M., Karaman, M., Karaman, H. S., Kocer, F.,
Flavonoid Accumulation Behavior in Response to the Abiotic Stress: Can a Uniform
Mechanism Be Illustrated for All Plants? In: Flavonoids-From Biosynthesis to Human
Health, Justino, G. C. (eds), InTech., Rijeka, Croatia, pp. 151–165, 2017.
- Selmar, D., Kleinwächter, M., Influencing the product quality by deliberately
applying drought stress during the cultivation of medicinal plants, Ind Crops Prod., 42,
558–566, 2013.
- Tátrai, Z. A., Sanoubar, R., Pluhár, Z., Mancarella, S., Orsini, F., Gianquinto,
G., Morphological and physiological plant responses to drought stress in Thymus
citriodorus. Int. J. Agron., 1–9, 2016.
- Lahlali, R., Jiang, Y., Kumar, S., Karunakaran, C., Liu, X., Borondics, F., ...
& Bueckert, R., ATR–FTIR spectroscopy reveals involvement of lipids and proteins of
intact pea pollen grains to heat stress tolerance, Front Plant Sci., 5, 747, 2014.