Macro-Anatomic, Cross-Sectional Anatomic, and Computerized Tomographic Examination of the Urogenital Region in Dogs

The aim of the study was to examine the anatomical structures of the urogenital region in dogs using different anatomical examination methods, and to present an approach to the region in terms of three perspectives. The present study is important for presenting new approaches for the clinical cases such as perineal hernia, sexual diseases, urogenital fistulae, urogenital injuries, urethrotomy, urinary stone disease, and urolithiasis operation. The study was conducted on 12 dog cadavers. A comparative dissection study and a cross-sectional anatomical study were conducted on the perineal region of three male and three female dog cadavers. Computed tomographic images of one male dog cadaver were obtained and added to the images obtained within the scope of the present study. In the study, the urogenital region was examined under three anatomical titles. Urogenital anatomical structures, which are shown in figures and drawings in the literature, were determined using dissection, cross-sectional anatomical study, and computed tomography methods. Three-dimensional anatomical data obtained by sagittal, transversal, and horizontal sections were comparatively determined via cross-sectional anatomy and computed tomographic methods. In addition, new results were encountered regarding m. urethralis, m. ischiocavernosus, and m. retractor clitoridis. The effect of m. ischiourethralis on penile veins in male dogs was revealed more clearly in the present study.

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