Jesus MENDOZA, Luis OCAMPO, Lilia GUTIERREZ, Hector SUMANO

Clinical Efficacy of Enrofloxacin HCl-2H2O (ENRO-C) in a Sheep Leptospirosis Outbreak

The favorable pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin HCl-2H2O (enro-C) prompted an experimental/clinical trial in a field outbreak of reproductive problems due to leptospirosis in a 92 unvaccinated flock in México. The selected treatments were either 5 daily intramuscular injections of 15 mg/kg of enro-C (n=14 sheep) or 25 mg/kg of streptomycin combined with 15,000 IU/kg of procaine-penicillin G (n=13). Polymerase chain reaction and microscopic agglutination tests were performed for the initial diagnosis and after the treatments to assess their efficacy. Bratislava, Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Hardjo, Pyrogenes, Pomona, and Wolffi were the most frequently serovars found. Lower antibody titers after treatment in both groups were observed but were significantly lower in theenro-C group (118.18) as compared to the group treated with streptomycin/penicillin G (192.59) (p < .05). Five days after the enro-C treatment, 10 out of 14 samples were PCR negative, and 28 days later, all PCR tests were negative. For streptomycin/penicillin, 8 out of 11 samples were PCR negative on days 5 and 28 (p < .05). Adverse effects were not observed in any of the enro-C-treated animals. This is the first report of successful treatment of leptospirosis in sheep with a fluoroquinolone and serological and PCR data suggest that a high rate of bacteriological cure was achieved.

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