Distribution of Intestinal Parasites Detected in Ankara Training and Research Hospital between 2017 and 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the current prevalence of intestinal parasites in patients admitted to Ankara Training and Research Hospital during the period of 2017 to 2020. Materials and Methods: Intestinal parasitic examination results of patients between 2017 and 2020 were evaluated retrospectively. Data on demographic and clinical parameters were obtained from the laboratory information management system. Results: E. vermicularis eggs were found in 7.2% of 2348 samples examined by cellophane tape method. One or more intestinal parasites were detected in 18.2% of 4211 samples examined stool concentration method. Intestinal parasite positivity was the highest in children aged 6-18 years among age groups. The most frequently detected intestinal parasites were Blastocystis sp., E. vermicularis, Dientamoeba fragilis and Giardia intestinalis. Conclusion: Although our hospital is in the center of Ankara Training and Research Hospital, it mostly serves patients with low socioeconomic status and immigrant individuals; therefore total intestinal parasite detection rate was found relatively high. Intestinal parasitic infections are still an important public health issue in our country. It is important to determine the prevalence of parasitic infections to develop optimal prevention and treatment strategies.

PDF

___

1] Wong LW, Ong KS, Khoo JR, et al. Human intestinal parasitic infection: a narrative review on global prevalence and epidemiological insights on preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic strategies for future perspectives. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 14: 1093-105.
[2] Alum A, Rubino JR, Ijaz MK. The global war against intestinal parasites--should we use a holistic approach? Int J Infect Dis 2010; 14: e732-8.
[3] Olopade BO, Idowu CO, Oyelese AO, et al. Intestinal Parasites, Nutritional Status and Cognitive Function among Primary School Pupils in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. Afr J Infect Dis 2018; 12: 21-8.
[4] Ostan I, Kilimcioğlu AA, Girginkardeşler N, et al. Health inequities: lower socio-economic conditions and higher incidences of intestinal parasites. BMC Public Health 2007; 7: 342.
[5] Stark D, Barratt JL, van Hal S, et al. Clinical significance of enteric protozoa in the immunosuppressed human population. Clin Microbiol Rev 2009; 22(4): 634-50.
[6] Demeke G, Fenta A, Dilnessa T. Evaluation of Wet Mount and Concentration Techniques of Stool Examination for Intestinal Parasites Identification at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14: 1357-62.
[7] Manser MM, Saez AC, Chiodini PL. Faecal Parasitology: Concentration Methodology Needs to be Better Standardised. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10: e0004579.
[8] Abdel Aziz M, Abd El-Raman E, El-Bahaie E. Evaluation Of Midi Parasep® Faecal Parasite Concentrator For The Detection Of Intestinal Parasitic Infections: A Comparative Study. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 2020; 50: 423-30.
[9] Zeeshan M, Zafar A, Saeed Z, et al. Use of “Parasep filter fecal concentrator tubes” for the detection of intestinal parasites in stool samples under routine conditions. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2011; 54: 121-3.
[10] https://microbenotes.com/wheatley-trichrome-staining/ (Accessed: November 2021)
[11] https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/diagnosticprocedures/stool/ staining.html (Accessed: November 2021)
[12] Wendt S, Trawinski H, Schubert S, et al. The Diagnosis and Treatment of Pinworm Infection. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2019; 116: 213-19.
[13] Wong LW, Ong KS, Khoo JR, et al. Human intestinal parasitic infection: a narrative review on global prevalence and epidemiological insights on preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic strategies for future perspectives. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 14: 1093-105.
[14] Demeke G, Fenta A, Dilnessa T. Evaluation of Wet Mount and Concentration Techniques of Stool Examination for Intestinal Parasites Identification at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14: 1357-62.
[15] Mewara A, Khurana S, Gupta S, et al. Diagnostic performance of mini parasep(®) solvent-free foecal parasite concentrator for the diagnosis of intestinal parasitic infections. Indian J Med Microbiol 2019; 37: 381- 6.
[16] Taş Cengiz Z, Yılmaz H, Beyhan YE, et al. A Comprehensive Retrospective Study: Intestinal Parasites in Human in Van Province. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2019; 43: 70-3.
[17] Öncel K. Distribution of Intestinal Parasites Detected in Şanlıurfa Mehmet Akif Inan Education and Research Hospital Between October 2015 and October 2016. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2018; 42: 20-7.
18] Yula E, Deveci Ö, İnci M, et al. Intestinal parasites and report of etiological analysis in a state hospital. J Clin Exp Invest 2011; 2: 74-9.
[19] Kırkoyun Uysal H, Akgül Ö, Purisa S, et al. İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi’nde 25 Yıllık İntestinal Parazit Prevalansı: Retrospektif Bir Çalışma. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2014; 38: 97-101.
[20] Gülmez D, Sarıbaş Z, Akyön Y, et al. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Parazitoloji Laboratuvarı 2003-2012 Yılları Sonuçları: 10 Yıllık Değerlendirme. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2013; 37: 97-101.
[21] Sarzhanov F, Dogruman-Al F, Santin M, et al. Investigation of neglected protists Blastocystis sp. and Dientamoeba fragilis in immunocompetent and immunodeficient diarrheal patients using both conventional and molecular methods. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15: e0009779.
[22] Intra J, Sarto C, Besana S, et al. The importance of considering the neglected intestinal protozoan parasite Dientamoeba fragilis. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68: 890-92.
[23] Aykur M, Calıskan Kurt C, Dirim Erdogan D, et al. Investigation of Dientamoeba fragilis Prevalence and Evaluation of Sociodemographic and Clinical Features in Patients with Gastrointestinal Symptoms. Acta Parasitol 2019; 64: 162-70.
[24] Eiset AH, Stensvold CR, Fuursted K, et al. High prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Giardia, and Blastocystis in asymptomatic Syrian asylum seekers in Denmark during 2016 through 2018. J Migr Health 2020;1- 2:100016.
[25] Brummaier T, Tun NW, Min AM, et al. Burden of soil- transmitted helminth infection in pregnant refugees and migrants on the Thailand-Myanmar border: Results from a retrospective cohort. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15: e0009219.
[26] DeVetten G, Dirksen M, Weaver R, et al. Parasitic stool testing in newly arrived refugees in Calgary, Alta. Can Fam Physician 2017; 63: e518-e525.
[27] Gozalbo M, Guillen M, Taroncher-Ferrer S, et al. Assessment of the Nutritional Status, Diet and Intestinal Parasites in Hosted Saharawi Children. Children (Basel) 2020; 7: 264.
[28] Vezir S, Kaya F, Vezir E, et al. Evaluation of intestinal parasites in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria in a territory hospital in Turkey. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2019; 13: 927-32.