Çiğdem Eda BALKAN, Ayşe USANMAZ BOZHÜYÜK, Şaban KORDALI, Hayrunnisa BEKİS BOZKURT

Onsekiz Uçucu Yağın Bazı Maya ve Bakterilere Karşı Minimum İnhibitör Konsantrasyonunun Resazurin Yöntemi ile Belirlenmesi

GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Bu çalışmanın amacı, insan ve hayvanlar açısından önemli bazı patojenik bakteri ve mantarlara karşı, hidrodistillasyon yöntemi ile elde edilen ve GC-MS yöntemi aile ayrıştırılan 18 çeşit uçucu yağın minimum inhibitör konsantrasyon değerlerini araştırmaktır. YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Achillea gypsicola (Asteraceae), Ruta graveolens L. (Rutaceae), Satureja hortensis L. (Lamiaceae), Thymbra spicata L. (Lamiaceae), Achillea biebersteinii Afan. (Asteraceae), Artemisia santonicum L. (Asteraceae), Foeniculum vulgare. (Umbelliferae), Origanum acutidens (Lamiaceae), Thymus fallax (Lamiaceae), Inula graveolens L. (Asteraceae), Dorystoechas hastata (Lamiaceae), Crambe orientalis L. (Brassicaceae), Narenciye cinensis L. (Rutaceae), Satureja spicigera (Lamiaceae), Lavandula stoechas L. (Lamiaceae), Satureja montana L. (Lamiaceae), Vitex agnus-castus L. (Verbenaceae), Origanum majorana L. (Lamiaceae) . BULGULAR: Çalışmamızda yağlar dört bakteri ve üç mantara karşı test edildi; Acinetobacter baumanii ATCC 49139, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, E.coli ATCC 25923, Candida albicans ATCC 14053, Candida glabrata ATCC 15126, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 mikroorganizmalarının yağlara karşı minimum inhibitör konsantrasyonu bulundu. A. gypsicoala, R. graveolens, S. hortensis, T. spicata, O. majorana ve V. agnus iki dilüsyon tekrarında da bulunan en etkili yağlardır. TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: Çalışmamız, bu yağların hem insan hem de hayvan yaralarının antibakteriyel ve antifungal tedavisine ek olarak kullanılmasının faydalı olacağı düşüncesiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

MIC, REMA, Bakteri ve Mantarlar, Bitkisel Yağlar

The Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Eighteen Essential Oils with Resasurine method, Against a Group of Yeast and Bacteria

INTRODUCTION: Aim of this study is investigate the effect and MIC values of some essential oils, purified by hydrodistillation method, in some of the pathogenic bacteria and fungi. METHODS: Achillea gypsicola Hub. (Asteraceae), Ruta graveolens L. (Rutaceae), Satureja hortensis L. (Lamiaceae), Thymbra spicata L. (Lamiaceae), Achillea biebersteinii Afan. (Asteraceae), Artemisia santonicum L. (Asteraceae), Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (Umbelliferae), Origanum acutidens (Hand-Mazz.) (Lamiaceae), Thymus fallax Fisch. & C.A. Mey. (Lamiaceae), Inula graveolens L. (Asteraceae), Dorystoechas hastata Boiss. & Heldr. Ex Bentham (Lamiaceae), Crambe orientalis L. (Brassicaceae), Citrus cinensis L. (Rutaceae), Satureja spicigera (C. Koch) Boiss. (Lamiaceae), Lavandula stoechas L. (Lamiaceae), Satureja montana L. (Lamiaceae), Vitex agnus-castus L. (Verbenaceae), Origanum majorana L. (Lamiaceae) (Rutaceae). RESULTS: In our study oils were tested against four bacteria and three fungi. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values of oils on Acinetobacter baumanii ATCC 49139, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Eescherichia coli ATCC 25923, Candida albicans ATCC 14053, Candida glabrata ATCC 15126, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 microorganisms was found. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It is aimed to find MIC values of oils by adding resazurin dye as a redox indicator.

Keywords:

Bacteria and Yeasts, Essential oils, REMA, MIC,

PDF

___

1. Michalak M. The use of carrier oils in aromatherapy massage and their effect on skin. Archives of Physiotherapy & Global Researches. 2018; 22(3);23-31.
2. Vostinaru O, Heghes SC, & Filip, L. Safety Profile of Essential Oils. In Essential Oils-Bioactive Compounds, New Perspectives and Applications. IntechOpen. 2020. https://www.intechopen.com/books/essential-oils-bioactive-compounds-new-perspectives-and-applications/safety-profile-of-essential-oils.05.10.2020.
3. Xu Y, Chengyuan L, Hailing F, Xiwu Q, Weilin L, Qiungwen S. Variation of trichome morphology and essential oil composition of seven Mentha species. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 2018;79:30-36. ,
4. Bahman N, Fatemeh J. Analysis of the Essential Oil from Mentha pulegium and Identification of its Antioxidant Constituents. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 2018; 21(1):223-229.
5. Abdeli M, Moghrani H, Aboun A, Maachi R, Algerian Mentha pulegium L leaves essential oil: Chemical composition, antimicrobial, insecticidal and antioxidant activities. Industrial Crops and Products 2016;94:197-205.
6. Ali B, Al-Wabel NA, Shams S, Ahamad A, Khan SA, Anwar F. Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2015;5(8): 589-598.
7. Chawla S, Thakur M Overview of mint (Mentha L.) as a promising health-promoting herb. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Development 2013;5(6):073-080.
8. Chairgulprasert V, Prasertsongskun S, Wichaporn W. Chemical constituents of the essential oil and antibacterial activity of Zingiber wrayi var. halabala Songklanakarin. J Sci Tech 2005;27:8-813.
9. Khaki A, Badie Davatgar A, Nikniaz H, Farnam A. Treatment Effects of Onion (Allium cepa) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) on Sexual Behavior of Rat after Inducing an Antiepileptic Drug (lamotrigine). Balkan Med J 2012;29:236-242.
10. Lambert RJW, & Pearson, J. Susceptibility testing: accurate and reproducible minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and non‐inhibitory concentration (NIC) values. Journal of applied microbiology 2000;88(5):784-790.
11. Bakkali, Fadil, et al. "Biological effects of essential oils–a review." Food and chemical toxicology 2008;46(2):446-475.
12. Dorman, H. J. D., & Deans, S. G. Antimicrobial agents from plants, antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. Journal of Applied Microbiology 2000;88:308-316.
13. Amor G, Caputo L, La Storia, De Feo A, V, Mauriello, G, & Fechtali, T. Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Artemisia herba-alba and Origanum majorana Essential Oils from Morocco. Molecules 2019;24(22):4021.
14. Chaaban S. B, Hamdi, S H, Mahjoubi, K, & Jemâa, J M B. (2019). Composition and insecticidal activity of essential oil from Ruta graveolens, Mentha pulegium and Ocimum basilicum against Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller and Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 2019;126(3):237-246.
15. Ferrante C, Zengin, G, Menghini, L, Diuzheva, A, Jekő, J, Cziáky, Z, ... & Lobine, D. Qualitative Fingerprint Analysis and Multidirectional Assessment of Different Crude Extracts and Essential Oil from Wild Artemisia santonicum L. Processes 2019;7(8):522.
16. Vieira, J N, Gonçalves, C L, Villarreal, J P V, Gonçalves, V M, Lund, R G, Freitag, R A, Nascente, P S Chemical composition of essential oils from the apiaceae family, cytotoxicity, and their antifungal activity in vitro against candida species from oral cavity. Brazilian Journal of Biology 2019;79(3):432-437.
17. Khavarpour, M, Vahdat, S M, Moghadamnia, A A, Hasanzadeh, O, Salimi, Z, & Rahmanpour, N. Chemical Composition, Antibacterial and Analgesic Activity of Lavandula stoechas Flowers from North of Iran. International Journal of Engineering 2019;32(8):1065-1073.
18. Kirkan, B, Sarikurkcu, C, & Amarowicz, R Composition, and antioxidant and enzyme‐inhibition activities, of essential oils from Satureja thymbra and Thymbra spicata var. spicata. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 2019;34(6): 436-442.
19. Rezaei, M, Razmjoo, J, Ehtemam, M H, Karimmojeni, H, & Zahedi, M. The interaction between shade and drought affects essential oil quantity and quality of Vitex agnus-castus L. leaves and seeds. Industrial Crops and Products 2019;137:460-467.
20. Karan, T, Yildiz, I, Aydin, A, & Erenler, R. Inhibition of Various Cancer Cells Proliferation of Bornyl Acetate and Essential Oil from Inula graveolens (Linnaeus) Desf. Records of Natural Products 2018; 12(3):273-83.
21. Usanmaz-Bozhuyuk, A, Kordali, Ş Investigation of the toxicity of essential oils obtained from six Satureja species on Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Fresen Environ Bull 2018;(27):4389-4401.
22. Çakır, A, Özer, H, Aydın, T, Kordali, Ş, Çavuşoglu, A T, Akçin, T et all. Phytotoxic and Insecticidal Properties of Essential Oils and Extracts of Four Achillea Species. Records of Natural Products 2016;10(2): 154-167.
23. Kan, A, Günhan, RS and Çelik, SA. The Chemical Composition Profile of Dorystoechas hastata Boiss. & Heldr. Ex Bentham Cultivated in Turkey. Rec. Nat. Prod 2015;9:1, 135-145.
24. Gulec, A K, Erecevit, P, Yuce, E, Arslan, A, Bagci, E, & Kirbag, S. Antimicrobial Activity of the Methanol Extracts and Essential Oil with the Composition of Endemic Origanum acutidens (Lamiaceae). Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 2014; 17(2):353-358.
25. Kotan, R, Cakir, A, Dadasoglu, F, Aydin, T, Cakmakci, R, Ozer, H., ... & Dikbas, N. Antibacterial activities of essential oils and extracts of Turkish Achillea, Satureja and Thymus species against plant pathogenic bacteria. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2010;90(1):145-160.
26. Kordali, S, Cakir, A, Akcin, T A, Mete, E, Akcin, A, Aydin, T, & Kilic, H. Antifungal and herbicidal properties of essential oils and n-hexane extracts of Achillea gypsicola Hub-Mor. and Achillea biebersteinii Afan.(Asteraceae). Industrial crops and products 2009;29(2-3):562-570.
27. Razavi, S M, & Nejad-Ebrahimi, S. Chemical composition, allelopatic and cytotoxic effects of essential oils of flowering tops and leaves of Crambe orientalis L. from Iran. Natural product research 2009;23(16):1492-1498.
28. Kirbaslar, F G, Kirbaslar, S I, Pozan, G, & Boz, I. Volatile constituents of Turkish orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) peel oils. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 2009;12(5):586-604.
29. Baser, KHC, Özek, T, Kırımer, N, Tümen, G. A comparative study of the essential oils of wild and cultivated Satureja hortensis. Journal of Essential Oil Research 2004;16:422-424.
30. Cutter, CN. Antimicrobial effect of herb extracts against Eshericia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella Typhimurium associated with beef. Journal of Food Protection, 2000;63(5):601-7.
31. Singh CR, Kathiresan K, Anandhan S, Suganthi K. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of field grown and tissue cultured root callus of mangrove species. Eur J Med Plants 2014;11(4):723–742.
32. Kaya GI. Artemisia absinthium, FFD Monografları Tedavide Kullanılan Bitkiler. Ed. Demirezer Ö. Medikal & Novel Tıp Kitapsarayı Ankara. 2011;83-87.
33. ESCOP Monographs. Absinthii Herba (2nd ed.) Thieme. New York NY 2003;3-7.
34. Höld KM, Sirisoma NS, Ikeda T, et al. α-Thujone (the active component of absinthe): γ-aminobutyricacid type A receptor modulation and metabolic detoxification. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000;97(8):3826-31.
35. EJ Hong, KJ Na, IG Choi, KC Choi, EB Jeung. Antibacterial and antifungal effects of essential oils from coniferous trees Biol. Pharm. Bull 2004;27(6): 863-866.
36. Saı¨dana, D, Mahjoub, MA, Boussaada, O, Chriaa, J, Chéraif, I, Daami, M, Mighri, Z, Helal, AN. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of volatile compounds of Tamarix boveana. Microbiol Res 2008;163(4):445-55.
37. C. Rota, JJ Carraminana, J Burillo, A Herrera. In vitro antimicrobial activity of essential oils from aromatic plants against selected foodborne pathogens J. Food Prot 2004;67(6):1252-1256.