ULUSLARARASI TİCARETTE EŞİTSİZ MÜBADELENİN ÖLÇÜLMESİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ

Dünya kapitalist sisteminde merkez ülkeleri ile aralarında Türkiye’nin de bulunduğu çevre ülkeleri karşılaştırıldığında, çevre ülkelerinin görece daha düşük değerli para birimlerine, daha düşük karşılaştırmalı fiyat ve ücret düzeylerine sahip oldukları görülmektedir. Bu durum çevre ülkeleri açısından merkez ülkeleri ile yaptıkları uluslararası ticarette eşitsiz mübadeleye zemin hazırlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bir çevre ülkesi olarak Türkiye’nin merkez ülkeleri ile yaptığı ticarette maruz kaldığı eşitsiz mübadele etkisinin ölçülerek ortaya konulmasıdır. Bu çerçevede ilk kez Köhler tarafından geliştirilen ve piyasa döviz kurunun SGP döviz kurundan sapmasını temel alan hesaplama yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre, Türkiye’nin eşitsiz mübadeleye bağlı olarak maruz kaldığı kayıp 1980-2010 dönemi itibariyle toplam 477,8 milyar SGP $ olarak tahmin edilmiştir.

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